RESUMO -A crescente preocupação com a preservação ambiental tem trazido à tona a problemática do reaproveitamento de resíduos gerados, em contrapartida a necessidade de produzir energia a partir de novas fontes renováveis junto a um menor impacto ambiental vem tomando notoriedade no meio científico. Neste contexto, a indústria cacaueira em seu processo de produção e modernização, gera uma quantidade significativa de resíduos, constituídos principalmente pela casca do fruto, se tornando assim uma ótima fonte de material lignocelulósico, o qual pode ser biotransformado. Este trabalho teve como objetivo o estudo da hidrólise ácida empregando H 2 SO 4 diluído a fim de obter açúcares fermentecíveis oriundos da biomassa da indústria cacaueira. Os resíduos do cacau obtidos da empresa Chocolates Espírito Santo foram triturados, secos e congelados. A hidrólise ácida foi realizada utilizado um planejamento experimental do tipo fatorial (3²) com três pontos centrais, variando-se a concentração de ácido (0,1% m/v, 0,3% m/v e 0,5% m/v) e o tempo de hidrólise (60, 90 e 120 min). A melhor condição de hidrólise foi obtida no tempo de 90 minutos e 0,3% m/v de ácido, na qual se obteve cerca de 13 g/L de ART.

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Biofilm formation on biomaterials is a challenge in the health area. Antimicrobial substances based on nanomaterials have been proposed to solve this problem. The aim was to incorporate nanostructured silver vanadate decorated with silver nanoparticles (β-AgVO3) into dental porcelains (IPS Inline and Ex-3 Noritake), at concentrations of 2.5% and 5%, and evaluate the surface characteristics (by SEM/EDS), antimicrobial activity (against Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa), silver (Ag+) and vanadium (V4+/V5+) ions release, and mechanical properties (microhardness, roughness, and fracture toughness). The β-AgVO3 incorporation did not alter the porcelain’s components, reduced the S. mutans, S. sobrinus and A. actinomycetemcomitans viability, increased the fracture toughness of IPS Inline, the roughness for all groups, and did not affect the microhardness of the 5% group. Among all groups, IPS Inline 5% released more Ag+, and Ex-3 Noritake 2.5% released more V4+/V5+. It was concluded that the incorporation of β-AgVO3 into dental porcelains promoted antimicrobial activity against S. mutans, S. sobrinus, and A. actinomycetemcomitans (preventing biofilm formation), caused a higher release of vanadium than silver ions, and an adequate mechanical behavior was observed. However, the incorporation of β-AgVO3 did not reduce P. aeruginosa viability and increased the surface roughness of dental porcelains.

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This paper presents the results of the creation of a game, composed of building blocks, conceived as didactic material for the minimum residences design. The game was designed to be produced by rapid prototyping and digital manufacturing resources. Methodologically, the research was based on both a literature review and an empirical research on the use of a set of building blocks. The text shows the critical analysis and reflections on the results achieved with a workshop entitled "Designing compact homes with building blocks".

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As celulases são enzimas responsáveis pela hidrólise da celulose, o principal constituinte da parede celular dos vegetais, em glicose. A fermentação em estado sólido (FES) pode ser empregada para produção de celulases utilizando resíduos agroindustriais e fungos filamentosos. Neste trabalho, foram realizados cultivos sólidos para investigar a produção de celulases utilizando casca de cacau como substrato e os fungos Trichoderma harzianum IOC-3844 e IOC-4127. Foram analisadas as atividades enzimáticas FPase e CMCase em função dos tempos de cultivo e de extração. Os resultados demonstraram a viabilidade desse processo, em que a linhagem IOC-4127 apresentou as maiores atividades de CMCase (9,23 ± 3,04 U/g) e FPase (1,63 ± 0,16 U/g), ambos no quarto dia de cultivo e 60 minutos de extração.

Objective: This study aimed to systematically review the literature about sealants modified with materials to promote antimicrobial activity and answer the question “What is the effect of incorporating materials that promote antimicrobial activity to pit and fissure sealants?” Materials and methods: Data were collected from questions about the material incorporated, its concentration, purpose of incorporation, analyses, and conclusions obtained. The Cochrane Library, LILLACS, ScienceDirect, and PubMed databases were searched with the terms “SEALANT”, “ANTIMICROBIAL”, and “ANTIBACTERIAL”. The selection of studies was performed in two stages. Inclusion criteria were applied via the evaluation of titles and abstracts, and exclusion criteria, via the complete reading of the studies. The adapted Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tool was used to analyze bias risk. Results: Due to the heterogeneity of the data found, it was impossible to perform a meta-analysis. We obtained 1389 references, including 11 of them in this review. Analysis of the studies found that modified sealants may show antimicrobial activity and alter their other properties. After applying the JBI tool, all studies showed low bias risk. Conclusion: Modified pit and fissure sealants show antimicrobial activity and altered physicochemical and mechanical properties.