BackgroundRenal cell carcinoma (RCC) is characterized by its resistance to radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. On the other hand, it is an immunogenic tumor - it is able to stimulate antitumor responses. A prognostic significance of HLA-G expression by neoplastic cells in RCC is not well characterized; significance HLA-E expression in RCC is not characterized at all.MethodsIn our study, we evaluated the expression of HLA-G and HLA-E specific mRNA transcripts produced by neoplastic cells in 38 cases of RCC and in 10 samples of normal kidney parenchyma. The results were statistically correlated with various clinico-pathological parameters.ResultsWe confirmed that HLA-G is downregulated in normal kidney tissue; if it is up-regulated in RCC, then it is connected to worse prognosis. On the other hand, HLA-E mRNA transcripts were present in both normal kidney tissue and RCC and their increasing concentrations counterintuitively carried better prognosis, more favorable pT stage and lower nuclear Fuhrmann’s grade.ConclusionConsidering the fact that there is known aberrant activation of HLA-G and HLA-E expression by interferons, identification of HLA-G and HLA-E status could contribute to better selection of RCC patients who could possibly benefit from more tailored neoadjuvant biological/immunological therapy. Thus, these molecules could represent useful prognostic biomarkers in RCC, and the expression of both these molecules in RCC deserves further study.The virtualSlide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/7383071387016614
Background/Aims: To assess, in a prospective cohort study of 238 renal transplant patients, our hypothesis that elevated ADMA levels may be influenced by physical exercise and obesity. Methods: Blood samples before and after six months were obtained from 116 transplant patients participating in an aerobic exercise (Group I). A control group consisted of 122 matched transplant patients who did not exercise regularly (Group II). Results: There were no significant differences in ADMA levels between both groups before the training program (Group IB vs Group IIB). After six months of exercise, ADMA levels in Group I decreased (Group IB vs Group IA : 3.50 ± 0.45 vs 2.11 ± 0.35μmol/L; p< 0.01) and were lower compared to those in Group II (Group IA vs Group IIA : 2 11 ± 0 23 vs 3 25 ± 0 34μmol/L; p< 0 01) Analysis of our results in obese renal transplant recipients (BMI B 30 kg/m2) confirmed a smaller effect of exercise training (Group IBO vs Group IAO : 3 75 ± 0 52 vs 3 45 ± 0 45; p< 0 05 and Group IAO vs Group IIAO : 3.45 ± 0.45 vs 3.74 ± 0.62; p<0.05). Blood lipids, HbA1C, insulin, and systolic BP were also affected by the training program. Conclusion: Elevated ADMA levels were significantly decreased by early exercise after renal transplantation. The effect of exercise was smaller in obese patients.
Phosphorus removal by hemoelimination procedure is a important mechanism to maintain phosphorus level in acceptable level in patients on dialysis. Phosphorus is removed by both diffusion and convection, but in clinical practice, it is not possible to differentiate the contribution of this two transport modalities. We used Gutzwiller formula to quantify the amount of removed phosphorus and compared it in low-flux hemodialysis (LFHD), high-flux hemodialysis (HFHD), and on-line hemodiafiltration (HDF). There were no significant differences in phosphorus predialysis concentration, duration of procedure, processed blood volume and ultrafiltration, e.g., factors, which could possibly influence phosphorus elimination. All three tested dialysis modes also did not differ in urea dialysis dose (Kt/V) as a parameter of small molecular weight removal (LFHD, 1.50 ± 0.04 vs HFHD, 1.5 ± 0.06 vs HDF, 1.5 ± 0.05). The amount of removed phosphorus in LFHD, HFHD, and HDF was 34.0 ± 1.2, 37.8 ± 1.6, and 38.3 ± 1.4 mmol, respectively. Statistically significant increase in phosphorus removal was seen only with use of high-flux membrane (HFHD and HDF) when compared with the low-flux one. No difference was, however, found between HFHD and HDF. It can thus be concluded that phosphorus removal in all three dialysis modes is a predominantly diffusive issue and contribution of convection to it is minor to negligible.
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