ResumoContexto: A família é a arena primária na qual a criança desenvolve a sua sociabilização. As experiências tidas neste sistema podem constituir um factor protector ou de risco, contribuindo para a sua vulnerabilidade ou resiliência diante de desordens mentais quando adulto. A avaliação da história familiar de experiências emocionais relevantes é problemática, e o uso de instrumentos psicométricos pode auxiliar a superar certas limitações metodológicas. Objectivos: Desenvolver três subquestionários para avaliação das experiências emocionais decorridas no contexto familiar da infância até a adolescência. Esses instrumentos são adaptações para o português do Family Background Questionnaire (FBQ) tratando dos cuidados paliativos e do ambiente familiar e são administrados retrospectivamente a adultos. Métodos: Três versões do FBQ que tratam de (1) cuidados paternos, (2) cuidados maternos e (3) ambiente familiar foram produzidas. Os questionários foram aplicados a 280 participantes. A avaliação das propriedades psicométricas desses questionários teve como base a determinação da consistência interna, análise factorial e correlação de Spearman. Resultados: Os três questionários mostraram-se adequados para avaliação de seus respectivos domínios. Conclusões: A avaliação objetiva das primeiras experiências emocionais no contexto familiar produz insights importantes para a compreensão do desenvolvimento psicológico, com implicações clínicas e de investigação. AC / Rev Psiq Clín. 2010;37(3):97-104 Palavras-chave: Desenvolvimento, família, experiências, cuidados, questionários. Monteiro IS, Maia AbstractBackground: Family is the primary setting where children develop their social skills. Early experiences may represent protective or risk factors that interact with their vulnerability to or resilience against mental disorders in adulthood. The assessment of the family history of relevant emotional experiences is problematic, and the use of psychometric instruments may help overcome certain methodological limitations. Objectives: To develop three sub-questionnaires for the assessment of early emotional experiences in the family context in childhood through adolescence. These instruments are Portuguese adaptations of the Family Background Questionnaire (FBQ), addressing aspects of parental care and family environment, and are retrospectively administered to adults. Methods: Three composite versions of the FBQ addressing (1) Paternal care, (2) Maternal care and (3) Family environment were produced. Questionnaires were administered to 280 participants. The assessment of the psychometric properties of these questionnaires was based on the determination of internal consistency, factor analysis and Spearman's correlations. Results: All three questionnaires proved adequate for the assessment of their respective domains. Discussion: The objective assessment of early emotional experiences in the family context yields important insights to the comprehension of psychological development, with both clinical and research implications.
IntroductionPortugal is a country with severe economic difficulties for the last 2 years. Considering the volatile and vulnerable economic social system today, in Portugal, the number of jobs decreased, unemployment increased and, as a consequence, mental illnesses as well. Because of it, and, the request for quicker treatments of mental health by the population are increasing significantly.ObjectiveOur objective is to evidence in Portugal one of the very first IPT researches as an advisable treatment of acute major depressive disorder, mainly in the current economic scenario, contributing to evidence an effective way to combat mental illness in Portugal.MethodsThe ongoing longitudinal study consist of adult outpatients (n=50), diagnosed with acute major depressive episode. The intensity of depression was measured is sessions 1, 6 and 10, with the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Rating Scale (CES-D). The procedure is focused in one of four IPT problem areas (role transitions, disputes, grief and loss, and difficulties initiating or sustaining relationships).ResultsThe first results show significant trend to identify the Disputes as the main problem-area. The intensity of the depression is significant lower along sessions with same patients. In 8th session, there is a significant decrease of the depressive symptomatology and the patient is more functional and adapted.ConclusionsOur research evidences the vulnerability to social context amidst the Portuguese economic crisis to depression, as well it evidences the effectiveness of IPT as a brief psychotherapy that responds to the current needs of a population with growing economic difficulties.
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