Since the standardization of 5G mobile networks has been completed, the deployments of 5G network has started all over the world. 5G mobile and wireless networks have achieved significant improvements in terms of latency, data rates, spectral efficiency, mobility and number of connected smart mobile devices. Therefore, they have marked the beginning of a true digital society. Although 5G network offers support of many broadband applications and services, still it may not be able to meet the rapid increase of the traffic demands. Therefore, the main research and development activities started to focus on the next 6G mobile and wireless network, which is expected to be commercially available around 2030. In this direction, this paper highlights the vision of the technologies used in 6G network, 6G network architecture, 6G network challenges and potential solutions.
Design of each successor mobile technology assures improved and advanced functionality features compared to its predecessor. Machine Learning and generally Artificial Intelligence (AI) is becoming necessity for further expansion of the beyond 5G mobile world. AI-assisted IoT services, data collection, analytics and storage should become native in the beyond 5G era. 5G introduces New Radio (NR) in sub-6 GHz bands and also in mmWave bands above 24 GHz, network virtualization and softwarization, which means that Next Generation Core and 5G NR access network are built by using different functions in split user and control planes that introduces the network slicing approach. Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB), massive Machine Type Communication (mMTC) and Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communication (URLLC), that are provided via separate network slices as logically separated network partitions are the key 5G services that constantly will increase the traffic volume and the number of connected devices. Terahertz and visible light communication and fundamental technologies like compressed sensing theory, new channel coding, large-scale antenna, flexible spectrum usage, AI-based wireless communication, special technical features as Space-Air-Ground-Sea integrated communication and wireless tactile network are few of the novelties that are expected to become a common network standard available beyond 2030.
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