The lens of vertebrates has a general structural plan and reacts similarly to various factors of anthropogenic impact. Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and grass frog (Rana temporaria L.) are the most well-studied objects of aquatic toxicology in Russia, which react to the level of exposure to toxicants in the urbanized environment and retain the consequences of this exposure. The study aims to determine the possibility of using the lens of fish and amphibians as a biomarker of chronic and long-term background environmental contamination. The fundamental importance of the work lies in the fact that for the first time the mechanisms of the response of the epithelial cells of the eye lens and lens fibers to the spectrum of various toxicants entering the environment with industrial effluents are considered. In chronic experiments, the sensitivity of the lens of Oncorhynchus mykiss fingerlings to three toxicants (dibutyl sebacate-DBS, polyterpenes-PTP, and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane-AGM-9) in concentrations close to the normalized valuesin the environment was studied. On adult individuals of Rana temporaria, the appearance of abnormities in the lens was studied over a long period, depending on the total environmental contamination. To assess remote environmental contamination, studies were carried out on the constantly growing lens of the grass frog, which can preserve the resulting fiber abnormities throughout its life in the form of local opacities from the harmful environmental factors impacts. On the epithelium of the lens of fish, it was found that under the influence of certain pollutants, the mitotic index (MI) in the germinal area can change over a wide range. With the combined effect of toxicants, inhibition of mitosis is also observed. Using biomicroscopy of the eye, it was possible to show that frogs from the urbanized zone of Moscow have 1.5 times more genotypic and modification changes in the lens than their relatives taken from an ecologically clean zone of the Moscow region, Mozhaisky district in the water area of the Ozerninskoye reservoir. For the first time, the sensitivity of the lens of aquatic organisms to chronic effects under experimental and background contamination of the terrestrial and aquatic environment has been shown. Therefore, taking into account the uniformity of the structure of the eye lens of fish and amphibians, as well as in other vertebrates, the lens can be used as a biomarker for assessing chronic and remote environmental contamination. The research results can be applied for a comprehensive assessment of the action of anthropogenic factors.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.