This article analyzes the personal emotions, emotional atmosphere, and emotional climate in Spain both one week and two months after the terrorist attacks that took place in Madrid on March 11, 2004. It also examines the relationship among these variables and their effect on various behaviors. Participants consisted of 1,807 people from seven autonomous regions in Spain with a mean age of 27.64 years. Personal emotions were significantly affected by degree of Spanish identification. These personal emotions and the general emotional atmosphere were characterized by high levels of sadness, disgust, anger, and contempt, as well as (to a lesser degree) fear. Personal emotions, emotional atmosphere, and the nation's emotional climate improved after two months, although a high degree of sadness persisted in the atmosphere. The emotional climate was relatively independent and stable. Personal emotions had a low but significant capacity for predicting avoidant and altruistic behaviors. Measures of emotional climate added to this ability to predict specific avoidant and altruistic behavior.The concept of emotional climate can be distinguished from the concepts of personal emotions and emotional atmosphere, but can we create measures that distinguish them? Could these different measures add to our ability to predict responses to social trauma?On March 11, 2004, Madrid suffered a terrible terrorist attack that resulted in 191 deaths and more than 1,500 injuries. This event had an enormous emotional impact on the Spanish population, as evidenced by the massively attended

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These results highlight the fact that although age seems to be a key factor in determining profile, individual differences should not be overlooked, even among the oldest old.

This study investigated the prevalence of weight control and binge eating behaviors in a sample of 767 adolescent girls aged 16-20 years, and the differences between adolescents with and without altered eating behaviors regarding anthropometric and body image variables and beliefs associated with eating disorders. Adolescents who engaged in unhealthy strategies were found to be at a higher risk of eating disorders, since these behaviors were accompanied by higher levels of drive for thinness and body dissatisfaction, as well as by beliefs associated with the importance of weight and body shape as a means of personal and social acceptance.

del ser humano con la tolerancia a la diversidad, tanto en general como en una serie de ámbitos concretos, en una muestra de 264 chicos y chicas de 14 a 16 años. La empatía se midió a través del IRI (Davis, 1980); las demás variables, mediante pruebas diseñadas ad hoc. Los adolescentes con autoestima positiva y elevada capacidad empática se mostraron también más tolerantes. En los análisis de regresión múltiple, el sexo se reveló como la variable predictora más importante, seguida de la empatía y la autoestima. Las chicas mostraron puntuaciones significativamente más altas en tolerancia y empatía que los chicos. Se constataron diferencias entre centros laicos y religiosos en concepto del ser humano (más positivo en los laicos) y en actitudes de tolerancia en ámbitos específicos (a favor de los religiosos). Los resultados apoyan la importancia de prestar atención a la autoestima y la empatía en las intervenciones educativas en este terreno. Palabras clave: Tolerancia, autoestima, empatía, concepto del ser humano, relaciones intergrupales, adolescentes, diferencias de género.