Sweet sorghum is a bioenergy crop that produces high amount of ethanol per hectare even under semi-arid conditions, serving as an alternative to sugarcane inter-season in Brazil. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of planting density on the physiological quality of sweet sorghum seeds. Two sweet sorghum cultivars (BRS 506 and SF-15) were submitted to a spacing of 50, 60, 70 and 80 cm between rows, and 8, 12 and 16 cm between plants. The experimental design was of randomised blocks with four replications in a 2 x 4 x 3 factorial scheme, comprising two cultivars, four row spacings and three spacings between plants. The following were evaluated from the collected panicles: seed quantity, 100 seed weight, water content, germination, first germination count and speed of germination, accelerated ageing, and seedling vigour. It was found that both the cultivar and the arrangement of plants in the field affect the physiological quality of sweet sorghum seeds. The BRS 506 cultivar is recommended for seed production under semi-arid conditions, at a spacing of 16 cm between plants and 80 cm between rows, and a density of 78,125 plants per hectare.
RESUMOO feijão-caupi constitui-se em um dos principais componentes na alimentação da população no Nordeste brasileiro. Desta forma, objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a produtividade do feijão-caupi irrigado com diferentes lâminas e o uso de biofertilizante. O delineamento foi em blocos casualizados dispostos em parcelas subdivididas, sendo as parcelas constituídas por quatro lâminas de irrigação com água salina (75, 100, 125 e 150% da evapotranspiração da cultura -ETc) e as subparcelas a presença e ausência de biofertilizante. Aos 75 dias após a semeadura (DAS) realizou-se a colheita da cultura sendo análisadas as seguintes variáveis: número de vagens por planta, comprimento de vagem verde e seca, número e massa de grãos por vagem, massa de 100 grãos e produtividade. Aplicação de lâminas próximo a 125% da ETc provoca redução no comprimento média de vagem, massa de vagem verde e seca, massa de 100 grãos e produtividade do feijão-caupi. O uso de biofertilizante com lâminas de 75 e 100% da ETc reduz os valores dos componentes produtivos da cultura. O uso de biofertilizante apresenta resposta positiva com a lâmina de 150% da ETc, aumentando a massa de grãos verdes por vagem e massa de 100 grãos. Palavras-chave:Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp, disponibilidade hídrica , adubo orgânico ABSTRACTThe cowpea is one of the main components in the population diet in the northeast of Brazil. The objective of this work was to evaluate the productivity of irrigated cowpea with different slides and the use of biofertilizer. The randomized block design, using a scheme of split lots consisting of four irrigation depths with saline water (75, 100, 125 and 150% of crop evapotranspiration -ETc) and sub-lots the presence and absence of biofertilizer. At 75 days after sowing (DAS) the culture was harvested and the following variables were analyzed: number of pods per plant, green and dry pod length, number and mass of grains per pod, mass of 100 grains and yield. Application of slides above 125% of ETc leads to reduction in mean pod length, green and dry pod mass, 100 grain mass and cowpea productivity. The use of biofertilizer with 75 and 100% ETc slides reduces the values of the productive components of the crop. The use of biofertilizer has a positive response with the 150% ETc blade, increasing the mass of green grains per pod and mass of 100 grains. Keywords: Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp, water availability, organic fertilizer PRODUTIVIDADE DE FEIJÃO-CAUPI SUBMETIDO A DIFERENTES LÂMINAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO COM USO DE BIOFERTILIZANTE Rev. Bras.
INTERFERÊNCIA DO ESPAÇAMENTO NO CRESCIMENTO E BIOMASSA DE SORGO SACARINO O experimento foi conduzido na Fazenda Experimental Vale do Curu – Pentecoste/CE da Universidade Federal do Ceará, com o objetivo de avaliar a interferência do espaçamento no crescimento e na produção de biomassa do sorgo sacarino. O cultivar BRS 511 foi analisado em dois experimentos com delineamento em blocos casualizados, o primeiro, crescimento em função do espaçamento entrelinhas em esquema de parcela subdividida. O segundo, biomassa em função da densidade de plantio, em esquema fatorial. Avaliou-se as variáveis altura de plantas (AP), diâmetro do colmo (DC), angulação da folha +3 (AF 3+), clorofila A e B, relação clorofila A/B e clorofila total, para o experimento I. Já para o II, foram avaliadas a massa fresca e seca das folhas (MFF/MSF), do colmo (MFC/MSC) e total (MFT/MST). A redução do espaçamento entrelinhas acarretou um menor crescimento das plantas e a biomassa apresentou maiores valores nos menores espaçamentos entrelinhas e entre plantas. Em Pentecoste – CE, para o crescimento do cultivar BRS 511, recomenda-se o espaçamento entrelinhas de 70 cm. Para a biomassa do sorgo sacarino, recomenda-se reduzir a densidade de plantas para 50 cm entrelinhas e 0,8 cm entre plantas, obtendo-se 250.000 plantas por hectare.Palavras-chave: Sorghum bicolor, etanol, densidade de plantas, semiárido. ABSTRACT: The experiment was conducted at the Vale do Curu Experimental Farm of the Federal University of Ceará in Pentecoste in the State of Ceará, Brazil. The aim was to evaluate the interference of spacing in the growth and biomass production of sweet sorghum. The BRS 511 cultivar was analysed in two experiments in a randomised block design; the first, for growth as a function of the inter-row spacing, in a scheme of subdivided plots, and the second, in a factorial scheme, for biomass as a function of planting density. The following variables were evaluated in Experiment I: Plant height (HP), stem diameter (SD), +3 leaf angulation (LA+3), chlorophyll a and b, the chlorophyll a to b ratio and total chlorophyll. The fresh and dry weight of the leaves (LFW/LDW) and the stems (SFW/SDW), and the total fresh and dry weight (TFW/TDW) were evaluated in Experiment II. A reduction in the inter-row spacing resulted in less plant growth; biomass showed higher values at the smallest spacings between rows and between plants. In Pentecoste, an inter-row spacing of 70 cm is recommended for growing the BRS 511 cultivar. For sweet-sorghum biomass, a reduction in plant density to 50 cm between rows and 0.8 cm between plants is recommended to obtain a yield of 250,000 plants per hectare.Keywords: Coffea canephora, estrobilurinas, Hemileia vastatrix, respostas fisiológicas, triazóis.
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