The study identified the determinants of food insecurity among farming households in Katsina State, north western Nigeria. A cross sectional sample survey design was used to select a total of 150 smallholder farmers from 15 communities across 10 Local Government Areas of the state. A structured questionnaire, Focus Group Discussion and Key Informant Interview were used for data collection. The coping strategy index was used to determine the food security status of the household and the ordered logit regression was used to identify the determinants of food insecurity among the households. The majority (73%) were found to be food insecure. In terms of food insecurity status, 44% of the respondents were less food insecure, while 17% and 12% were moderately food insecure and severely food insecure respectively. Eating the less preferred meal, purchasing food on credit and reducing the quantity of food consumed were the major coping strategies adopted by the food insecure households. The result of the ordered logit model shows that the total quantity of cereal saved, number of income sources and dependency ratio were significant for both the moderately and severely food insecure groups at p<0.05 while access to credit was also significant for the two groups but at p<0.01. The output of other crops was significant at p=0.10 but only for the severely food insecure group. The study concluded that food insecurity was high in the study area and therefore recommended that the farming households be provided with opportunities to diversify their livelihood activities.
Yobe state is one of the core state in the north east geopolitical zone of Nigeria, a zone that is characterized by second highest maternal mortality in the country, after northwest. This study aimed to examine trends of maternal mortality in Yobe State, a case study of General Sani Abatcha Specialist Hospital Damaturu. One consultant gynecologist, three midwives, and forty women of child bearing age participated in the study. An Ex-post factor research design was adopted using maternity attendance record and structured interview. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistic and presented on graphs/tables. It was identified that maternal mortality decline steadily from 2010 to 2013, but there was relative increase in 2014, both of which were associated with antenatal care coverage and hospital deliveries. The study further identified ways of improving maternal health using provision of adequate trained health personal, and provision of essential facilities in hospitals among others. Based on these findings, it was concluded that maternal mortality decreases in yobe over the years, but the figure still remain unacceptably high. It is thus recommended that Government, Non-governmental organization and philanthropist to be more committed in providing modern equipments in hospitals and primary health care centers.
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