International audienceMonitoring hydrogeochemical seasonality of Lake Ifrah (Morocco) was carried out between 2003 and 2006 in order to characterize the hydrogeochemical processes in the context of climatic and anthropogenic impacts. Lake Ifrah has declined significantly over the last decade. The waters are fairly alkaline, oxygenated, fairly turbid and oversaturated alkaline. The suspended load is moderately high. The hydrogeochemical facies is typically chloro-sodium bicarbonate magnesium. The lake is experiencing a significant water deficit as a result of recurrent droughts over the last three decades and marked human pressure. This is reflected by the increase in salinity manifested primarily by increased electrical conductivity and alkali contents (Na+ and K+) and chloride. This deficit is also assessed by lower levels of alkaline earth (Ca2+ and Mg2+) as a result of their precipitation as endogenic carbonates. The saturation index of calcite, aragonite and dolomite is always greater than zero. The increase in nutrients (phosphorus and nitrates) and degradation of water oxygenation reflect the acceleration of the eutrophication of the lake which is also evident from the increased particulate load and turbidity of the water
The Al-Hoceima region is threatened by tsunami hazard because of its location in the coastal area of the Mediterranean Sea, besides the shallow seismically active region south of the Alboran Sea. Therefore, the current study presents a novel model to map coastal flooding potential zones due to tsunami wave run-up in Nekor bay using three natural parameters (distance from coastline, altitude and slope) in a geographic information system (GIS) environment. Furthermore, the coastal flooding simulation using 4 scénarios (1, 2, 3, 4m) based on the run-up elevation according to tsunami wave elevation (TWE) literature of the study area is used to confirm the DAS model result, and to estimate the potential impacts. The result of the DAS model revealed that 1 km from the coast to the Nekor plain is the most exposed to the impact of tsunamis generated south of the Alboran Sea. The coastal flooding simulation confirmed the DAS result, and the damage estimation of the urban area and the agriculture was respectively 2 and 98% for run-up 1 m, 3% and 97% for run-up 2m, 4% and 96% for run-up 3m, and for the worst case scenario of 4 m was 3% and 97%. Therefore, the results obtained show that the major potential impact of coastal flooding in Nekor plain is the salinization of agricultural land. Finally, we propose a sustainable solution utilizing a controlled forest along the coast to reduce future tsunami impacts on Nekor bay.
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