Seedbed preparation to achieve desired aggregate size requires many tillage operations when performed on dry soil. A very common implement used for the initial operation is the moldboard plough, subsequent passes may include disk, chisel ploughs, cultivators, rototillers and harrows. Therefore ploughing should form flat soil surface to ensure favorable conditions for performance of subsequent operations. Mechanical reconsolidation by fragmenting and packing at spot ploughing on dry soils was studied in a soil bin, and on loam soil in the field. The results show that in dry soil fragmentation by ploughing and packing is attained by tearing the natural clods from each other and by stressing and translocating them. The maximum bulk density after ploughing was about 964 kg m-3, after ploughing and packing was about 1071 kg m-3 . Packing considerably reduced soil surface roughness from about 0.12m to 0.04m. Moreover, packing by rolling increased soil fragmentation from about 68.2 % (after ploughing) to 79.8 %. A series of experiments showed that the roller had only a slight influence on draught resistance. The spot ploughing draught were increased about 1.3% at this operating conditions.
The aim of the study is to study and analyze the process of penetration (deepening) of the frontal plow. Dependencies are obtained for determining the length of the deepening of the serial and frontal plows into the soil. The dynamics of the process of deepening of the frontal plow is analyzed depending on its dynamic characteristics. A differential equation is obtained that characterizes the process of deepening the frontal plow. Theoretical and experimental studies have established that the depth of the frontal plow is significantly affected by the weight of the plow, traction resistance and the relative position of its working bodies. The length of the path of penetration of the frontal plow does not depend on the width of the plow and is 2.0-2.5 m, which is 3-3.5 times less than the path length of a serial plow of equal width.
The article presents the calculation of the seed slots formed in the soil under the influence of double-disk opener and the determination of the geometric parameters of the double-disc opener of the device for direct sowing of seeds into the soil.
The article presents the main results of comparative experimental studies of traditional (plowing, chisel-growing) and energy-saving (strip) tillage in Uzbekistan when sowing re-crops after harvesting winter cereals
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