The purpose of the study was to analyze nurses' perceptions of the benefits of training and development, as well as their commitment to the organization. Training and development and three facets of organizational commitment are studied using a quantitative survey research design. Structured equation modelling using Smart PLS 3 was used to analyze 290 of 313 responses from public sector hospitals. Training and development, according to the findings, have a strong positive relationship with affective, normative, and continuance commitment. Some of these findings have ramifications for management and administrative staff of hospitals. They must first commit their nursing staff to the hospital in order to ensure the best quality services for their patients. Nurses respond with greater affective, normative, and continuance commitment when they believe a training programmed is designed to meet their professional developmental needs.

This study considers five regions, i.e., South Asia, South-East Asia, China, Middle Eastern countries, and European countries, and took their data for 15 years. This study makes a significant contribution to the literature by examining the impact of green finance on environmental sustainability. Green finance development is represented by GDP, investment in renewable energy sources, investment in research and development (R&D) for eco-friendly projects, and public–private partnership investment in renewable energy projects. Green financing development in the chosen panel exhibits a distinct geographical cluster effect, with significant regional variances. The most important influencing elements are regional GDP, regional innovation level, and air quality, whereas the degree of financial development and industrial structure optimization are insignificant. The degree of financial development and industrial structure optimization are related to the amount of green finance development mostly via spillover effects. The degree of financial development has a positive spillover impact, but industrial structure optimization has a negative spillover effect. This study reveals that an increase in the production of energy from renewable sources, an increase in R&D, and the evolution of public–private partnership investment in renewable energy reduce CO2 emissions. It is evidenced that green finance in renewable energy sources is necessary to achieve environmental sustainability. There is a strong need to increase green finance in renewable sources to target the minimization of global CO2 emissions. There should be cross-border trade of renewable energy between regions/countries to mitigate CO2 emissions globally. Moreover, this study ranks the regions based on environmental sustainability, which may help researchers and decision-makers to entice foreign direct and private investment in these regions. The implications of the findings of the study suggest that environmental sustainability benefits greatly from green financing and investing in renewable energy sources through public–private partnerships, which represents one of the best ways to ensure environmental sustainability.

Examining urbanisation and tourism from the perspective of global Sustainable Development Goals is essential for achievinga balance between environmental protection and economic growth in the world's most polluted nations. Moreover, most polluted countries pay more attention to the nature of foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows to achieve a sustainableenvironment. This study intends to explore the impacts of FDI, tourism, urbanization, and economic growth on carbon dioxide emissions using panel data for the top ten most polluted nations for the period from 2000 to 2019. To guide empirical testing,the panel unit root tests LLC and IPS are used. The outcomes of LLC and IPS advise FM-OLS application on how to accomplish the goals. The findings provide proof of how FDI and other factors affect carbon emissions (CE). Particularly, renewable energy consumption (REC) has a detrimental but minor effect on CE. For the panel of developing nations, FDI had a favourable and significant effect on CE along with economic growth, tourism, and urbanization. The expansion of cities isalso harming nature and ecological footprints. These findings are alarming as all factors cause CE under consideration thatleads to the deterioration of the environment. Therefore, more environmental rules should be put into place to reduce CE, draw in clean FDI, and encourage quality-oriented investment in selected nations. Second, it is important to ensure the deployment of green technology and the upgrading of urbanized structures. The government can take several actions against the use of polluting goods and vehicles in urban areas, and any polluting industries should also be outlawed in such residential areas.

This study aims to examine the influence of Trade Liberalization, Environmental Quality (CO2 Emission) on Services Sector Growth in some selected developing. The estimation of the study considers panel data unit root and panel data ARDL approach. The environmental quality is represented by Carbon Dioxide Emission and trade liberalization is by trade openness. The results of Panel Unit Root test summarize that Panel ARDL is the most appropriate method of estimation for having Panel Coefficient values due to mixed order of integration for developing countries. The empirical findings of model, in Developing Countries, Labor Force, Capital Stock, Trade Openness, Money Supply, Government Expenditure and Human Capital exert upward pressure on Services Value Addition while Carbon Dioxide Emission and Price Level is putting download pressure on Services Value Addition.

This paper contains a new human capital paradigm that measures Pakistan's economic development and human capital formation. The aim of this paper is to empirically estimate the impact of economic growth on human capital formation in Pakistan. Human capital is used as the dependent variable with govt. expenditures on secondary education, expenditures on tertiary education, current health expenditure and GROSS fixed capital formation as the independent variables. Data is taken from WDI and the P.W.T (10) for the period of 1990-2020. This study is based on time series analysis. In this study ADF unit root and ARDL techniques are used to analyze. gross fixed capital formation, tertiary education and health expenditures are necessary tools for human capital. Tertiary education enhances the productivity of individuals in Pakistan. Findings of this analysis argued that Pakistan has paid much attention to the quality of tertiary education and on current health expenditures and also try to the improvement of the net investment. It will be beneficial for the entire country.