The lack of data on neonatal tetanus and children in university hospitals (UH) in Abidjan for over a decade has motivated the realization of this study. The objective of this study is to evaluate the morbidity and mortality related to neonatal tetanus (NT) and child tetanus (CT) in Abidjan University Hospital from 2001 to 2010. It is a retrospective study, multicenter analysis with records of newborns and children suffering from tetanus in the three UH of Abidjan. The collection and analysis of data were made by the SPHINX 4.5 and EPI.INFO 6.0 software. In ten years, 242 cases of tetanus (53 NT cases and 189 CT cases) were collected with a predominance of cases after the fifth year of life (59.5%). The incidence rate of NT was less than 1 case per 1,000 live births. All mothers of the newborns were inhabiting the city of Abidjan. Their median age was 19 years [16-32] and 64% were teenagers. Gateways were dominated by umbilical wounds (77.3%) in the NTand skin wounds (59%) in CT. The cure rate was 30.2% in the NT and 60% in the CT. Lethality was 60% for NT and 22% for CT with a positive correlation with young age (neonates: p = 4.10-7, age <5 years: p = 0.01), lack of intraspinal injection of tetanus serum (p = 8.10-6), the absence of conventional antibiotic therapy (p = 0.023), the existence of metabolic complications (p = 2.10-5), the score of ≥ 4 Dakar (p = 0.005). Tetanus remains a real morbidly cause among children in Abidjan University Hospital with high lethality. However, the incidence of NT seems consistent with the incidence threshold desired by WHO.
Background: Cytotoxic lesions of the corpus callosum (CLOCCs) represent a collection of disparate conditions that can cause a signal change in the corpus callosum, usually involving the splenium. CLOCCs is present in a variety of disorders, such as cerebral infarction, bleeding, multiple sclerosis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, glioblastoma, lymphoma, metabolic diseases, and infections. Since 2020, World Health Organization (W.H.O) defined Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, as a pandemic. Numerous CLOCCs cases have been reported in adults in particular in Japan, in China, and recently in children in Turkey associated with SARS-CoV-2. We report the first case of CLOCCs diagnosed in West Africa (Côte d'Ivoire) in an adult associated with SARS-CoV-2. Case Report: A 60 year-old-woman with a medical history of high blood pressure and diabetes, presented to the emergency department with confusion without fever. Neurological examination was normal apart from temporospatial disorientation. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed abnormal signals in the splenium of the corpus callosum (SCC). Forty-eight hours (48 h) after admission, the patient experienced a fever (temperature: 385˚C), several episodes of hypoglycemia (capillary blood glycemia levels below 0.5 g/l) and a dry cough. Lung CT imaging showed typical features with ground-glass opacities. Oropharyngeal swab was positive for SARS-CoV-2 on reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) assay. The clinical course was favorable.
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