Lantana camara L. is considered a weed, but is used in agriculture and traditional medicine due to its different pharmacological effects. The objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition and the bioactivity of essential oil from L. camara flowers collected in Boa Vista, Roraima, Brazil. Essential oil was obtained using a Clevenger type apparatus. The oil obtained was analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometer detector (GC-MS) and its bioactivity was assayed against fungi and bacteria, as well as for acetylcholinesterase inhibition. The chemical composition of essential oil presented major compounds contrasting with the literature, while its bactericidal and fungicidal activity was excellent, reaching over than 90% inhibition against yeast. A potent anti-acetylcholinesterase activity, superior than 77% inhibition, was also observed.
Bertholletia excelsa is native to the Amazon, and it grows in the forests that border the great rivers of the Amazon. This tree brings interest in the commercialization of its fruit, which is called the urchin and almond. Bertholletia excelsa has antioxidant properties, and it is rich in phenolic compounds. In this research, the antioxidant capacity of the Brazilian nut from the city of São João da Baliza was evaluated by the DPPH method with a percentage of inhibition of 70.04 ± 0.07%. In addition, the quantification of the total phenolic compounds was carried out by spectrophotometry according to the Folin-Ciocateau method using gallic acid as standard. A value of total phenolic compounds expressed as gallic acid equivalents of 1.62 ± 0.11 mg GAE. g-1 was obtained. On the other hand, the minerals were determined by nitric-perchloric digestion highlighting the high concentration of potassium 581.21 ± 14.12 mg 100 g-1 and calcium 171.32 ± 0.84 mg 100 g-1. as a source of micronutrients, as well as iron 2.15 ± 0.07 mg 100 g-1 and manganese 1.49 ± 0.08 mg 100 g-1 .
In this work, the chemical composition of the essential oil of lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) was determined by CG-FID.In the essential oil of M. officinalis,there area total of 22 chemical constituents, among them are geranial (34.6%), neral (26.0%), γ-caryophyllene (7.5%), caryophyllene oxide (5.3%), pinene (5.3%) and sabinene (3.6%); it also has antioxidant capacity and total phenolic compounds in vitro. The concentration of total phenolic compounds was 61.71 mgEAG g-1 for the essential oil and 7.81 mgEAG g-1 for the aqueous extract respectively. The inhibition percentage tested by different DPPP concentrations of 8, 20, 40 and 80 µg mL-1 was 17.12, 31.04, 48.24 and 68.12% respectively and the quercetin standard was used as a positive control.
After Southeast Asia, Brazil is the second largest producer of tropical fruits having more than 500 species, and many of these have high potential regarding nutritional content that can be marketed. Among them, Chrysobalanus icaco L., which can be found in abundance in several countries of South America stands out. Among its nutritional profile, it had low value of titratable acidity (0.41 ± 0.02%) and lipid value of 0.71 ± 0.02%, and is very notable for its minerals content such as calcium (0.74 ± 0.02 g 100 g-1), potassium (1.38 ± 0.12 g 100 g-1), iron (0.14 ± 0.03 g 100 g-1), and copper (0.04 ± 0.01 g 100 g-1). By identifying the functional groups using IR, the characteristic peaks of fatty acids were identified.
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