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a b s t r a c tThe phenolic compounds content and antioxidant activity of pomace from the vinification of grape varieties widely produced in Brazil (Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Bordeaux and Isabel) were investigated with a view to their exploitation as a potential source of natural antioxidants. Cabernet Sauvignon grape pomace was found to have the highest content of total phenolic compounds (74.75 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g), the highest antioxidant activity (determined using the 2,2 0 -azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging methods; 485.42 and 505.52 lMol Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC)/g, respectively), and the highest reducing power (determined using the FRAP method; 249.46 lMol TEAC/g). The Bordeaux variety showed the highest oxidation inhibition power (41.13%), determined using the b-carotene/linoleic acid method and the highest content of total anthocyanins (HPLC; 29.17 mg/g). Catechin was the most abundant nonanthocyanic compound identified in the grape pomace (150.16 mg/100 g) for all varieties. In this study, pomaces of the red wine vinification of Cabernet Sauvignon and Bordeaux varieties showed the highest potential as a source of antioxidant compounds and natural colourants, respectively.

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ResumoO objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a concentração de compostos fenólicos totais, antocianinas monoméricas totais e a atividade antioxidante in vitro das principais cultivares de mirtilo (Vaccinium sp.) AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the content of the phenolic compounds and anthocyanins and the antioxidant activity of blueberry (Vaccinium sp.) cultivars grown in Brazil. The Folin-Ciocalteau method was applied in order to quantify the phenolic compounds and ABTS, DPPH, FRAP, and β-carotene/linoleic acid methods were applied in order to evaluated antioxidant activity. The phenolic compounds content ranged from 274.48 to 694.60 mg GAE.100 g -1 of fresh weight (FW). Anthocyanins content ranged from 40.62 to 378.31 mg.100 g -1 FW for Bluecrop and Tifblue cultivars, respectively. Antioxidant activities assessed by ABTS, DPPH and FRAP methods presented significant differences among the studied cultivars ranging from 1238.48 to 2445.96, 1014.24 to 2055.06 and 699.78 to 1740.25 µmol TEAC.100 g -1 FW, respectively. The results confirm the blueberry as a source of phenolic compounds with high antioxidant activity and also show that there are different levels of concentrations of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity according to the cultivar and production location.

*A quem a correspondência deve ser enviada Minerals and essential fatty acids of the exotic fruit Physalis peruviana L. Minerais e ácidos graxos essenciais da fruta exótica Physalis peruviana L.Eliseu RodRIguES 1 , Ismael Ivan RoCkENbACh 1 *, Ciriele CATANEo 1 , Luciano Valdemiro goNzAgA 1 , Eduardo Sidinei ChAVES 2 , Roseane FETT 1 1 Introduction high production of several native and exotic fruits in brazil is due to its large territory and its presence in areas of tropical and temperate climates (gRANAdA;zAmbIAzI;mENdoNçA, 2004). however, national fruit production has a great expansion potential once several native and exotic fruits are not economically explored. Attempts to turn such unexplored cultures into reasonable ones are in course, mainly for atemóia, maná, canistel, mirtilo, lichia, physalis and star fruit (LAgo;gomES;SILVA, 2006). P. peruviana is an exotic fruit that belongs to the Solanaceae family and Physalis genus from Amazon and Andes. however, some varieties are cultivated in America, Europe, and Asia. This golden colored spherical fruit, also known as goldenberry, is commercially produced in Ecuador, South Africa, kenya, zimbabwe, Australia, New zealand, hawaii, India, malaysia, Colombia, and China. Currently, the production of physalis has expanded to tropical and subtropical countries such as the Caribbean and Colombia, the major producer (NoVoA et al., 2006). In brazil, physalis is popular in the Northern and Northeastern regions, but it is novelty in the Southern and Southeastern regions. It can be found in local markets mainly in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, but it has still been imported from Colombia at high prices since the brazilian production is still small.In most countries, the goldenberry is cultivated in backyards for direct consuming. however, they do carry prestige in some international markets, such Europe, where premium prices are paid for the fruits. besides having a future potential as fresh fruit, it can be enjoyed as an ingredient in salads, cooked dishes, desserts, jams, natural snacks, and fruit preserves (RAmAdAN;möRSEL, 2003). moreover, P. peruviana is a medicinal plant widely used in folk medicine as anticancer, antimycobacterial, antipyretic, and immunomodulatory and also for treating diseases such as malaria, asthma, hepatitis, dermatitis, and rheumatism (Wu et al., 2005). despite its importance, there are only few works in the literature concerning this fruit and no study has been carried out in brazil regarding its chemical composition. Thus, the aim of this work was to determine the centesimal and mineral composition of Physalis peruviana, as well as to evaluate the fatty acid composition of its lipid fraction. ResumoPhysalis peruviana é uma fruta exótica pertencente à família Solanaceae com produção recente no brasil, principalmente na região Sul. Como há poucos dados em relação à sua composição química, este trabalho apresenta a composição centesimal e mineral e o perfil de ácidos graxos da fração lipídica da Physalis peruviana. Em relação à composição cente...

É de conhecimento científico o potencial antioxidante dos compostos fenólicos, atuando como redutores de oxigênio singleto, nas reações de oxidação lipídica e na quelação de metais. Apresentam uma ampla gama de propriedades farmacológicas, como antialergênicas, antiarteriogênicas, antiinflamatórias, antimicrobianas, antitrombóticas e também efeitos cardioprotetores e vasodilatadores (PUUPPONEN-PIMIÄ et al., 2001;MANACH;MAZUR;SCALBERT, 2005).A uva é fonte de diversos compostos fenólicos em elevadas concentrações e os subprodutos da vinificação, em sua maioria, podem manter quantidades apreciáveis, principalmente de fenó-licos, que pertencem ao grupo dos flavonóides. Os glicosídeos de flavonóis e as antocianinas estão entre os compostos fenólicos mais determinados e estudados nas uvas, por sua destacada atividade antioxidante e por suas propriedades antiinflamatórias e anticancerígenas (NEGRO; TOMMASI; MICELI, 2003;AMICO et al., 2004;SILVA;MATIAS;NUNES, 2005).O processo de fabricação do vinho gera uma quantidade estimada de resíduo sólido de 20% do peso inicial ( GÓMEZ-PLAZA; MIÑANO; LÓPEZ-ROCA, 2006). Alguns estudos a respeito dos subprodutos da vinificação focalizam principalmente a composição de polifenóis das sementes, que são muito ricas em flavonóis (YILMAZ; TOLEDO, 2004; GUENDEZ et al., 2005b). As sementes representam em torno AbstractDifferent solvent systems were applied in order to determine the extraction efficiency of compounds with antioxidant capacity from grape bagasse, an important by-product from wine production. The quantification of total phenolics, anthocyanins, and antioxidant activity was carried out in grape bagasse extracts of Tannat and Ancelota varieties from the region of Videira, state of Santa Catarina. The antioxidant activity was determined by ABTS, FRAP, and β-carotene/linoleic acid system methods. Extracts from acidified aqueous solutions of acetone and ethanol in different concentrations (v/v) showed higher yield in aqueous solutions of acetone 50 and 70% for Tannat variety and acetone/ethanol 50% for Ancelota variety, respectively. The total phenolic contents in acetone 50 and 70% were higher in both varieties while the anthocyanin contents in these varieties were higher in ethanol 50 and 70%. The antioxidant activity was higher in acetone 50 and 70% for Tannat variety and acetone/ethanol 50 and 70% for Ancelota variety by the ABTS method. Regarding the reduction power performed by the FRAP method, it was higher in acetone 70% in both varieties. During the oxidation inhibition power assay, the addition of 100 and 200 µL of ethanolic extracts 50% of Tannat and Ancelota varieties showed higher efficiency since it was almost two times higher than acetonic extracts. Keywords: byproducts; extraction; oxidation; reduction power. ResumoDiferentes sistemas solventes foram aplicados para determinar a eficiência de extração de compostos com capacidade antioxidante em bagaço de uva, importante subproduto do processo de vinificação. Realizou-se a quantificação de compostos fenólicos totais,...

This article contributes to the minimization of residues in yerba-mate processing.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the physico-chemical characteristics, bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of Malay apple fruit (Syzygium malaccense) grown in Brazil with regard to the geographical origin and its peel fractions and edible portion analyzed independently. Fruit diameter, weight, yield, and centesimal composition, ascorbic acid, reductive sugars, total soluble solids, pH and fiber content were determined. Total phenolics (1293 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g) and total anthocyanins (1045 mg/100 g) contents were higher in the peel, with the major anthocyanin identified using HPLC-DAD-MS/MS as cyanidin 3-glucoside. Higher values for DPPH antiradical scavenging activity (47.52 μMol trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity/g) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Potential (FRAP, 0.19 mM ferreous sulfate/g) were also observed in the peel fraction. All extracts tested showed the ability to inhibit oxidation in the β-carotene/linoleic acid system. This study highlights the potential of Malay apple fruit as a good source of antioxidant compounds with potential benefits to human health.