In this field study, two private Oreochromis niloticus fish farms in El Fayoum and El Sharkia governorates showed signs of septicaemia, with a mortality of 20%–25% between autumn 2018 and summer 2019. Postmortem examination of affected fish revealed loose scales, ulceration in the dorsal part of the head, petechial haemorrhages on the body surfaces, unilateral exophthalmia, and corneal opacity together with congested blood vessels of nearly all fleshy portions of the body fins. Internal examination of the viscera showed congestion of the blood vessels in the kidneys and brain, a dark enlarged spleen, and a liver with a marbled appearance. Fish samples (representing 10% of the fish showing clinical signs) were collected and examined for histopathological and bacteriological examination. Aerococcus viridans was isolated from El Fayoum and El Sharkia governorates at rates of 18.18% and 28.89%, respectively, throughout the year, whereas Enterococcus faecalis was isolated at rates of 81.82% and 71.11%, respectively; seasonal prevalence rate of infection were recorded. Antibiotic sensitivity testing showed that the two microorganisms were resistant to ampicillin, oxolinic acid, nalidixic acid, amikacin, and gentamicin, but they were sensitive to amoxicillin and nitrofurantoin. E. faecalis exhibited resistance to erythromycin and oxytetracycline, whereas A. viridans was sensitive to these agents. To study the pathogenicity of such microorganisms in this fish species, experimental infection and reisolation of both bacterial isolates in O. niloticus was performed to confirm the field isolation. The pathological lesions in different organs of the infected fish were fully recorded.

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Platelets concentrates (PC) proved in many studies to enhance the healing process in different tissues including tendon healing as they produce large number of GFs and cytokines so the aim of the current study was to evaluate the efficacy of both Injectable-platelets rich fibrin (I-PRF) and Advancedplatelets rich fibrin (A-PRF) in enhancement of the healing of surgically treated AT rupture in dogs and compare the efficacy of the single administration of the A-PRF membranes with multiple injections of the I-PRF. Study design: Eight adult male mongrel dogs with average weight 18 kg ± 3 and with average age 2 years ± 1.5 were used in this study and were divided into two groups, A-PRF group: A-PRF membranes were applied during surgery only. I-PRF group: I-PRFwas injected during the surgery with 2 more booster injections with 3 weeks intervals after surgery. During observation period, dogs were observed clinically at 3,6, 8, 10-and 12-weeks post-operation and histologically at 6-and 12-weeks post-operation.Results: the clinical observation revealed a similar effect of the two groups at the early stages of the healing process while the I-PRF group showed significantly better healing of the tendon with decreased thickness and histological examination revealed significantly higher healing, arrangement of the fibers and collagen deposition in the I-PRF group.Conclusion: The present study revealed that A-PRF and I-PRF have the ability to enhance and accelerate the healing and regeneration processes of the Achilles tendon while the multiple injection of the I-PRF add a great value over the A-PRF group.