This paper presents an optimal PID controller for speed control of DC motor using Smell Agent Optimization (SAO) Algorithm. DC Motor is an energy converter which transforms electrical energy into mechanical energy used in several industrial applications. A SAO based PID is proposed for optimal tuning of the parameters of the controller to improve speed control of the motor. The SAO uses the phenomenon of smell perception and the intuitive trailing behavior of an agent to identify the source of smell. The integral of time multiplied absolute error (ITAE) is taken as the objective function for obtaining the parameters of the PID controller. It has been observed SAO-PID controller outperforms the GA based PID controller with less settling time, rise time and overshoot. Keywords— DC motor, PID controller, rising time, settling time, smell agent optimization algorithm
The world is advancing and the communication devices become more powerful and extensively adopted, the need for high data rate is increasing. This has led to spectrum scarcity in Radio Frequency (RF) systems. Consequently, it is necessary to explore other technical means to overcome the raising demand for higher data rates. Free Space Optical Communication (FSOC) offers one of such means. FSOC systems have the potential to offer much higher bandwidth than R F systems. However, a major technical challenge in FSOC system is that, their performance is limited by atmospheric impairments such as: absorption, scattering and turbulence caused by rain, cloud, snow, wind, dust, aerosol and fog. Many researches were carried out with the aim to improving the system through mathematical model and system development. Most of these researches were conducted in Europe, America and Asian countries. This research is aimed at addressing the challenges due to fog in a tropical climate, through mathematical modeling and validation. The new and improved models were developed, optimized and simulated. The results obtained were compared with that of the existing models and observed that, the developed model best fitted the measured result and also achieved lower attenuation.
Indoor wireless traffic increases exponentially. Radio over fibre technology has been used to provide broadband services in the access network. Plastic Optical Fibre (POF) has been considered as a promising waveguide to be used as backhaul link for indoor access network. The RoF system uses an improved POF cable as a backhaul. A photonic antenna is developed by integrating a microstrip patch antenna with an opto-electronic converter. A standard inset fed microstrip patch antenna used for the wireless transmission and reception is designed using CST software tool. A RoF communication system based on the developed POF is designed and simulated using Optisystem software tool. The Bit Error Rate (BER) performance of the system in terms of Quality factor is evaluated. A maximum achievable POF cable length of 117 m for an On-Off Keying (OOK) transmission data rate of 1 Gbps with an acceptable Quality factor of 7.0 is obtained. When the developed RoF system was used to transmit 10 Gbps and 50 Gbps data, the achievable cable lengths reduced to 80 m and 63 m, respectively. Keywords— Plastic Optical Fibre, RoF, photonic antenna, and modal dispersion
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.