Pilomatricoma (PMC) is a relatively uncommon benign skin neoplasm arising from the skin adnexa. Since the first description of PMC in 1880, there has been a gradual increase in understanding of the morphologic features and clinical presentation of this tumor. However, difficulties still persist in making clinical and cytologic diagnosis. We report the clinical and histopathological findings of two cases of pilomatricoma. In case 1, a 10-year-old girl presented with a right upper back mass. In case 2, a nine-year-old girl presented with a left ear lobe mass. The clinical findings in both the cases were suggestive of epidermoid/dermoid cyst. However, subsequent histopathologic examination confirmed these cases as pilomatricoma. This report reveals that pilomatricoma is a frequently misdiagnosed entity in clinical practice. The purpose of this article is to create awareness among clinicians on the possibility of pilomatricoma as a cause of solitary skin nodules, especially those on the head, neck or upper extremities.

Quality in laboratory has huge impact on diagnosis and patient management as 80-90% of all diagnosis is made on the basis of laboratory tests. Monitoring of quality indicators covering the critical areas of pre-analytical, analytical and post-analytical phases like sample misidentification, sample rejection, random and systemic errors, critical value reporting and TATs have a significant impact on performance of laboratory. This study was conducted in diagnostic laboratories receiving approximately 42,562 samples for clinical chemistry, hematology and serology. The list of quality indicators was developed for the steps of total testing process for which errors are frequent and improvements are possible. The trend was observed for all the QI before and after sensitisation of the staff over the period of 12 months. Incomplete test requisition form received in the lab was the most poor quality indicator observed (7.89%), followed by sample rejection rate (4.91%). Most significant improvement was found in pre-and post-analytical phase after sensitisation of staff but did not have much impact on analytical phase. Use of quality indicators to assess and monitor the quality system of the clinical laboratory services is extremely valuable tool in keeping the total testing process under control in a systematic and transparent way.

Primary sarcomas of the breast are extremely rare comprising less than 1.0% of all malignant tumors of the breast. It is even rarer to be reported in a 25-year-old female. This can cause a diagnostic dilemma not only for the clinician but also for the cytopathologist. A 25-year-old woman presented with a well defined firm, mobile lump in her right breast. With fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and ultrasonography a diagnosis of fibroadenoma was made. The patient underwent lumpectomy. Histopathologically it was diagnosed as myxoid liposarcoma. This case is reported to highlight the fact that, even though rare in young females but the possibility of a breast lump being a myxoid liposarcoma does exist. This report discusses a primary myxoid liposarcoma of female breast, considers cytologic differential diagnoses with review of the relevant literature.

With only 33 cases reported so far, a purely extra-axial position of medulloblastoma at cerebellopontine (CP) angle is quite exceptional. We report a case of extra-axial medulloblastoma in a 15-year-old male child located in the CP angle that was surgically treated with a provisional diagnosis of schwannoma. Histopathological diagnosis of medulloblastoma was made with the routine hematoxylin and eosin stain and immunohistochemical markers. This case report highlights the fact that although extremely rare, the possibility of an extra-axial mass being a medulloblastoma does exist.

An intra-axial dermoid cyst is a rare entity and a preoperative diagnostic dilemma, as the radiologic findings overlap with many other intra-axial cerebellar masses. The case is reported in this paper to highlight the fact that, although rare, the possibility of an intra-axial mass being a dermoid cyst does exist.

Extradural spinal meningiomas are extremely rare, more so in the cervical region. A purely extradural location as reported in this paper is quite exceptional. The authors report a case of extradural meningioma in a 50-year-old male located in the cervical spine that was surgically treated with the provisional diagnosis of a neurofibroma. Histopathological diagnosis of meningothelial meningioma was made with the routine hematoxylin and eosin (HE) stain. The origin, clinical course, radiological features, pathological findings with the differential diagnosis and surgical treatment are discussed based on a review of the literature. An extradural spinal meningioma, an extremely rare entity, is still a diagnostic dilemma on radiology as the radiologic findings overlap with many other common extradural spinal masses.

Objective:This study was conducted to formulate location-wise radiologic diagnostic algorithms and assess their concordance with the final histopathological diagnosis so as to evaluate their utility in a rural setting where only basic facilities are available.Materials and Methods:A retrospective analysis to assess the concordance of radiology (primarily MRI) with final histopathology report was done. Based on the most common incidence of tumor location and basic radiology findings, diagnostic algorithms were prepared.Results:For supratentorial intraaxial parenchymal location concordance was seen in all high-grade astrocytomas, low- and high-grade oligodendrogliomas, metastatic tumors, primitive neuroectodermal tumors, high-grade ependymomas, neuronal and mixed neuro-glial tumors and tumors of hematopoietic system. Lowest concordance was seen in low-grade astrocytomas. In the supratentorial intraaxial ventricular location, agreement was observed in choroid plexus tumors, ependymomas, low-grade astrocytomas and meningiomas; in the supratentorial extraaxial location, except for the lack of concordance in the only case of metastatic tumor, concordance was observed in meningeal tumors, tumors of the sellar region, tumors of cranial and paraspinal nerves; the infratentorial intraaxial parenchymal location showed agreement in low- as well as high-grade astrocytomas, metastatic tumors, high-grade ependymoma, embryonal tumors and hematopoietic tumors; in the infratentorial intraaxial ventricular location, except for the lack of concordance in one case of low-grade astrocytoma and two cases of medulloblastomas, agreement was observed in low- and high-grade ependymoma; infratentorial extraaxial tumors showed complete agreement in all tumors of cranial and paraspinal nerves, meningiomas, and hematopoietic tumors.Conclusion:A location-based approach to central nervous system (CNS) tumors is helpful in establishing an appropriate differential diagnosis.

Emotional intelligence means understanding one's own feelings and able to handle those feelings without disturbing themselves. In the same way understanding what others feel and handling relationship effectively motivates one to complete job creatively and perform among their pears. Stress Management is a system that is aimed to reduce stress and/or facilitate the person to cope with stress related instances. This study uses both primary and secondary data. The primary data was collected through questionnaire which is depending on Liker scale. The study confined to the sample size of 100 employees from five software industries namely HP, LENOVO, DELL, HCL & SONY, etc. Finally researcher finds the relationship between the stress management and emotional intelligence. The study is concluded with the suggestion that the Emotional intelligence has ability to quickly reduce stress in the various situations, so we can say that higher level of EI is positively correlated with effectiveness of stress management among software employees.