Background and Aim Falls are common among older adults in India. Several primary studies on its risk factors have been conducted in India. However, no systematic review has been conducted on this topic. Thus, the objective of this systematic review was to synthesize the existing evidence on the risk factors for falls among older adults in India. Methods JBI and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyse guidelines were followed, and two independent reviewers were involved in the process. This review included observational studies conducted among older adults (aged ≥ 60 years) residing in India, reporting any risk factor for falls as exposure and unintentional fall as the outcome. MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycInfo, CINAHL, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses were searched until September 24, 2020. Where possible, data were synthesized using random‐effects meta‐analysis. Results The literature search yielded 3445 records. Twenty‐two studies met the inclusion criteria of this systematic review, and 19 studies were included in the meta‐analysis. Out of the 22 included studies in the systematic review, 12 (out of 18) cross‐sectional studies, two case–control studies, and two cohort studies met more than 70% criteria in the respective Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklists. Risk factors for falls among older adults in India included sociodemographic factors, environmental factors, lifestyle factors, physical and/or mental health conditions, and medical interventions. Conclusions This systematic review and meta‐analysis provided a holistic picture of the problem in India by considering a range of risk factors such as sociodemographic, environmental, lifestyle, physical and/or mental health conditions and medical intervention. These findings could be used to develop falls prevention interventions for older adults in India. Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis Registration The systematic review and meta‐analysis protocol was registered with PROSPERO (registration number‐CRD42020204818).
With the world in topsy-turvy strained under the tides of a pandemic that shows no sign of ebbing, there has been a massive surge in consumption-no pun intended-of supernatural fiction and fantasy literature. Either as a means of escape from reality, or as a deep-dive into an allegorized society in crisis (or a world directly and terrifyingly reflective of the 2020s), fantasy with a dystopian, apocalyptic setting has always found a large readership. Concomitantly, there has been a re-popularization of the occult in real life as well: and this paper shall investigate Nora Roberts' Year One keeping that in mind in the context of the author's creation of the supernaturally-aided and supernaturally-quelled pandemic in her novel. Alarmingly predictive of the Covid-19 horror, Roberts' narrative follows the life of the survivors of a disastrous, selfmutative airborne virus that levels more than half of the world population in weeks. I shall investigate socio-literary implications of how most of the unaffected are revealed to possess magical abilities which are shown to be genetically and generationally coded, thus causing a divide between them and the non-magical victims, culminating into a eugenicist drive of culling which turns into an actual "witch"-hunt. Taking into account the cultural connotations of choosing Scotland as Roberts' preferred setting for the genesis of the plague coupled with her use of Scottish legends about dark forces, the paper will further delve into possible evocation of Celtic pagan mythologies, occult medical lore, and the inspiration drawn from the accusation and persecution of marginalized "white witch"/ "witch doctor"/ "wise women" healers during Black Death and witch trials in early modern Scotland.
The global burden of rheumatoid arthritis among adults is rising. Yoga might be a potential solution for managing rheumatoid arthritis. This systematic review aims to synthesise the content, structure and delivery characteristics of effective yoga interventions for managing rheumatoid arthritis. The JBI methodology for systematic reviews of effectiveness and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines will be followed. PRISMA for systematic review protocols (PRISMA-P) was used to write the protocol. Randomised controlled trials assessing the effectiveness of yoga interventions for managing rheumatoid arthritis in adults will be included in this review. We aim to search the following databases to find published and unpublished studies: ABIM, AMED, AYUSH Research Portal, CAM-QUEST, CINAHL, CENTRAL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PeDro, PsycInfo, SPORTDiscus, TRIP, Web of Science, DART-Europe-e-theses portal, EthOS, OpenGrey and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. No date or language restrictions will be applied. A narrative synthesis will be conducted. Meta-regression will be conducted to explore the statistical evidence for which components (content, structure and delivery characteristics) of yoga interventions are effective.
Research has been conducted on the prevalence of health consequences of falls among older adults (aged ≥60 years) in India, and our systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthe-size the existing evidence on this topic. The JBI guideline was followed for conducting this review work. Several databases were searched, and eight studies were included. The critical appraisal scores (“yes” responses) for the included studies ranged from 56% to 78%. Among older adults in India who fell, the pooled prevalence of injuries was 65.63% (95% confidence interval [38.89, 87.96]). Similarly, head and/or neck injuries was 7.55% (4.26, 11.62), upper extremity injuries was 19.42% (16.06, 23.02), trunk injuries was 9.98% (2.01, 22.47), lower extremity injuries was 34.36% (24.07, 45.44), cuts, lacerations, abrasions, grazes, bruises and/or contusions was 37.95% (22.15, 55.16), fractures was 12.50% (7.65, 18.30), dislocations and/or sprains was 14.31% (6.03, 25.26), loss of consciousness was 5.96% (0.75, 15.08), disabilities was 10.79% (7.16, 15.02), and hospital admissions was 19.68% (15.54, 24.16). Some of the high figures indicate the need for prioritizing and addressing the problem. Furthermore, high-quality studies on this topic should be conducted, including on psychological health consequences, health-related quality of life, length of hospital stay, and death. PROSPERO registration: CRD42022332903.
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