Health Consequences of Falls among Older Adults in India: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Biswas, Isha; Adebusoye, Busola; Chattopadhyay, Kaushik

doi:10.3390/geriatrics8020043

Cited by 3 publications

References 24 publications

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Low physical activity and depression are the prominent predictive factors for falling in older adults: the Birjand Longitudinal Aging Study (BLAS)

Mortazavi,

Delbari,

Vahedi

et al. 2023

BMC Geriatr

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Background Falling in the older adults has many irreparable consequences, including hospitalization to long-term care centers and loss of independence, depression and social isolation, financial burden, and death. The present study was conducted to estimate the incidence of falls and their associated factors among community-dwelling older adults. Methods This program is a population-based prospective cohort study (≥ 60 years) in Birjand City from 2019 to 2020. A total of 1418 participants were included in the study, and 1344 participants were analyzed according to the inclusion criteria. Thirty-nine risk factors were evaluated. Basic information included demographic information, lifestyle factors, general health and medical history, and mental and functional health. Result The incidence of falls among community-dwelling older adults in the previous approximately 24 months in the present study was 9.26% in women and 2.65% in men. In the multiple Cox proportional regression model based on fall risk factors, there was a strong significant relationship between male sex (HR = 0.37, CI = 0.21 to 0.64), being physically active (HR = 0.59, CI = 0.36 to 0.96), moderate-to-severe depression (HR = 2.97, CI = 1.47 to 6.01), severe depression (HR = 3.26, CI = 1.24 to 8.54), and high risk of falls according to the TUG test (HR = 1.73, CI = 1.10 to 2.72). Conclusions Inactivity and depression were recognized as important factors in falls in older adults. It is recommended for older adults to have an active lifestyle to prevent falls and to prioritize the diagnosis and treatment of depression in older adults. Women as a group at higher risk should be considered in prevention programs. In addition, the use of the TUG test to identify high-risk older adults should be considered.

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Low physical activity and depression are the prominent predictive factors for falling in older adults: the Birjand Longitudinal Aging Study (BLAS)

Mortazavi,

Delbari,

Vahedi

et al. 2023

BMC Geriatr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Low physical activity and depression are the prominent predictive factors for falling in older adults: the Birjand Longitudinal Aging Study (BLAS)

Mortazavi,

Delbari*,

Vahedi

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background Falling in the elderly has many irreparable consequences, including hospitalization to long-term care centers and loss of independence, depression and social isolation, financial burden, and death. The present study was conducted to estimate the incidence of falls and their associated factors among community-dwelling older adults. Methods This program is a population-based prospective cohort study (≥ 60 years) in Birjand City from 2019–2020. A total of 1418 participants were included in the study, and 1344 participants were analyzed according to the inclusion criteria. Thirty-nine risk factors were evaluated. Basic information included demographic information, lifestyle factors, general health and medical history, and mental and functional health. Result The incidence of falls among community-dwelling older adults in the previous approximately 24 months in the present study was 9.26% in women and 2.65% in men. In the multiple Cox proportional regression model based on fall risk factors, there was a strong significant relationship between male sex (HR = 0.37, CI = 0.21 to 0.64), being physically active (HR = 0.59, CI = 0.36 to 0.96), moderate-to-severe depression (HR = 2.97, CI = 1.47 to 6.01), severe depression (HR = 3.26, CI = 1.24 to 8.54), and high risk of falls according to the TUG test (HR = 1.73, CI = 1.10 to 2.72). Conclusions Inactivity and depression were recognized as important factors in falls in elderly individuals. It is recommended for elderly individuals to have an active lifestyle to prevent falls and to prioritize the diagnosis and treatment of depression in elderly individuals. Women as a group at higher risk should be considered in prevention programs. In addition, the use of the TUG test to identify high-risk elderly individuals should be considered.

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Isometric strength of quadriceps as a best fall predictor among older adults: analysis by machine learning approach

Madhanagopal,

Abdulla,

Baniyasin

et al. 2023

Preprint

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This study aimed to: i) investigate which maximum voluntary isometric strength (MVIS) of lower limb muscle groups has good sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) in predicting fall among older adults against the reference standard (history of fall) and their comparison with functional mobility (FM) and fear of falling (FoF); ii) identify the top three index measures in influencing fall to facilitate targeted assessment and exercise prescription by clinicians. A cross-sectional diagnostic study was conducted among one hundred and forty older adults (47 fallers) and (93 non-fallers) and recruited using consecutive sampling. The MVIS of plantar flexors, dorsiflexors, knee extensors and flexors, hip flexors, extensors, abductors, and adductors were measured using a microFET®2 hand-held dynamometer, FM using the timed up and go test, and FoF using the modified fall efficacy scale. The Se, Sp, accuracy (Ac), and precision (Pr) of all index measures against the reference standard were evaluated by four machine learning (ML) models. The top index measures in influencing fall were evaluated by mean decline in the Gini index (DGI). Among ML models, the Random Forest revealed that the MVIS of the quadriceps (Se = 81%, Sp = 90%, Ac = 87%, Pr = 80%) has the highest diagnostic features against the reference standard compared to other muscle groups, FM (Se = 48%, Sp = 75%, Ac = 66%, Pr = 50%), and FoF (Se = 46%, Sp = 79%, Ac = 68%, Pr = 53%). DGI suggests that the MVIS of quadriceps has the greatest influence on fall, followed by plantar flexors and hip flexors, while FoF has the least. These results suggest that MVIS of the quadriceps is the best fall predictor in older adults, followed by plantar flexors and hip flexors. The findings imply that clinicians can better predict and impact falls in older adults by targeting muscles with higher fall influence during intervention prescribing.

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Health Consequences of Falls among Older Adults in India: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cited by 3 publications

References 24 publications

Low physical activity and depression are the prominent predictive factors for falling in older adults: the Birjand Longitudinal Aging Study (BLAS)

Low physical activity and depression are the prominent predictive factors for falling in older adults: the Birjand Longitudinal Aging Study (BLAS)

Low physical activity and depression are the prominent predictive factors for falling in older adults: the Birjand Longitudinal Aging Study (BLAS)

Isometric strength of quadriceps as a best fall predictor among older adults: analysis by machine learning approach

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