Achievement goals have been a major topic of research for more than 30 years. Achievement goals represent what and why individuals want to achieve. This literature has provided a large body of research in many domains (e.g., education, sports, work), but no study has hitherto been conducted in the driving domain. Moreover, no scale was available to assess achievement goals in driving even though driving is an achievement context. Indeed, drivers' personal competence is engaged and continuously evaluated both by others and the drivers themselves. The present study seeks to fill these gaps. The aims of the study were to emphasize the interest of investigating achievement goals in car driving, to develop and validate a scale named Achievement Goal Questionnaire in Driving (AGQ-D), to compare this baseline model with five alternative models, to assess the gender invariance of the scale, and to study its concurrent validity using interest and self-efficacy in driving, accidents, at-fault accidents, emergency maneuvers, and fines. The results of the Confirmatory Factor Analysis showed the good psychometric properties of the scale completed by 420 French car drivers, in comparison with five alternative models. The scale was also invariant across gender. Finally, the results of the hierarchical regression analyses showed its concurrent validity. The most significant results highlighted that mastery-avoidance goals (i.e., to avoid being a bad driver and avoiding failing in driving task demands) negatively predicted self-reported accidents and at-fault accidents. Performance-approach goals (i.e., to outperform other drivers) also positively predicted self-reported emergency maneuvers. The AGQ-D is now a tool available to develop research in the driving domain and to extend the numerous advances already found in other domains.
Introduction. -La majorité des études ayant recours au paradigme de la communication engageante vise l'obtention de requêtes dont la nature reste essentiellement pro-sociale. Objectif. -L'objectif de cette recherche vise à évaluer l'importance de la cible d'une stratégie de communication engageante (centrée sur soi vs. autrui) et sa plus grande efficacité comparativement à la communication persuasive au regard d'une problématique contreattitudinale : la réduction de la vitesse des conducteurs de deux-roues motorisés (2RM). Méthode. -Cent seize conducteurs de 2RM sont aléatoirement placés dans quatre conditions expérimentales : communication engageante centrée sur soi, communication engageante centrée sur autrui, communication persuasive, condition contrôle. Résultats. -La communication engageante centrée sur soi permet d'accroître plus fortement l'intention comportementale relative à une requête problématique par rapport à la communication engageante centrée sur autrui ou la communication persuasive. Conclusion. -Les perspectives de recherches proposées en guise de conclusion appellent une réflexion plus large sur la conception et l'évaluation des campagnes de prévention ayant recours au paradigme de la communication engageante.
Cette étude propose d’analyser le point de vue des automobilistes sur la circulation inter-files (CIF) des deux-roues motorisés (2RM). Jamais questionnés jusqu’alors sur ce comportement typique 2RM, c’est pourtant une pratique qui les implique du point de vue opératoire, bien qu’ils n’en soient pas à l’initiative. Pour cela, soixante entretiens semi-directifs auprès d’automobilistes choisis en fonction de 3 critères (ville de mobilité, ancienneté du permis de conduire B et pratique ou non du 2RM) ont été conduits et ont permis de recueillir un corpus lexical riche d’informations. Ce corpus a fait l’objet d’une analyse informatisée grâce au logiciel ALCESTE. Les résultats de cette analyse fine soulignent, entre autres, l’importance de l’expertise des individus dans le domaine du 2RM et l’importance du contexte de circulation et des normes sociales s’y référant sur la pratique et les attitudes vis-à-vis de la CIF.This study aims to analyze the view of car drivers on lane-splitting by motorized two-wheelers (PTW). Never asked about this typical PTW’s behavior, it is yet a practice that involves them on the operating point of view, despite they are not initiating this behaviour. For this, sixty semi-structured interviews with car drivers chosen for three criteria (city mobility, length of driving license and PTW’s practice or not) have been conducted and have yielded a substancial lexical corpus of information. This corpus has been analyzed with the software ALCESTE. The results of this detailed analysis emphasize, among others, importance of the individuals’ acquaintance with PTW and importance of the context of mobility and its social norms on practice and attitudes about lane-splitting
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