This study examined the effects of competitive standard, team formation and playing position on match running performance in a Brazilian professional soccer team. Performance was investigated in 36 players in 48 matches at three competitive standards: 1 st São Paulo State Championship; 3 rd and 4 th Brazilian leagues. Global Positioning System technology was used to determine total distance covered (TD), maximal running speed (MRS), mean speed (SMEAN) and frequency of high-intensity activities (HIA). Data were compared across competitive standards, team formations and playing positions. Magnitude-based inferences showed greater values for TD, SMEAN and HIA (likely to almost certain) in the lower national (3 rd , 4 th Brazilian) versus the top state division (1 st São Paulo). Higher values for all variables were reported for the 1-4-3-3 versus the 1-4-4-2 formation (likely to almost certain). External defenders/midfielders and forwards reported greater values (likely to almost certain) versus central defenders/midfielders, especially in HIA. Linear regression analyses showed that playing position demonstrated a higher relative contribution to the variance in MRS (24%) and HIA (29%) compared to team formation (16% and 25%, respectively). In a Brazilian professional soccer team, match running performance was dependent upon competitive standard, playing formation and playing position.

Our aims were to compare physiological parameters from the laboratory environment (LaB) and simulated goalball games (GaM), test relationships between physiological parameters in the laboratory and game technical performance (GTP), and examine the associations between physiological and technical responses during games. Seven elite athletes from the Brazilian National Team performed in LaB environment; (i) an incremental test to determine peak oxygen consumption (O2PEAK), its corresponding speed, and peak blood lactate concentration and (ii) submaximal and supramaximal efforts to estimate maximal anaerobic contribution (AnC). In GaM condition, simulated games were also performed to determine physiological responses throughout the game, and to analyze the GTP (number of throws, defenses, recovery, and density of actions). No correlations (unclear) were found between laboratory and games analyses for O2PEAK [47.3 (17.2) vs. 25.8 (18.2) mL⋅Kg-1⋅min-1], peak blood lactate concentrations [10.2 (5.4) vs. 2.0 (0.7) mM], and total AnC [21.0 (14.0) vs. 4.8 (6.1) mL Kg-1]. O2PEAK in the laboratory condition presented very likely correlations with throw and recovery frequency in games (r = -0.87 and confidence interval [CI] = 0.41; r = -0.90 and CI = 0.35; respectively). Oxygen consumption remained above baseline while blood lactate concentration remained unchanged during the games. The very likely correlation between anaerobic alactic contribution and action density (r = 0.95 and CI = 0.25) highlights the importance of the alactic metabolism. In general, our study demonstrates that goalball can be characterized as a high-intensity intermittent effort, where athlete performance is based on aerobic metabolism predominance while determinant actions are supplied by the anaerobic alactic metabolism. Specifically, higher values of LaB vs. GaM highlighted the need for standardization of specific protocols for goalball evaluation, mainly for the reproduction of ecologically valid values. In addition, O2PEAK correlated with recovery frequency in the LaB condition, demonstrating that passive or low-intensity recovery between actions is fundamental to maintain performance.

This study determined whether a multivariate profile more effectively discriminated selected than non-selected elite youth Brazilian soccer players. This examination was carried out on 66 youth soccer players (selected, n = 28, mean age 16.3 ± 0.1; non-selected, n = 38, mean age 16.7 ± 0.4) using objective instruments. Multivariate profiles were assessed through anthropometric characteristics, biological maturation, tactical-technical skills, and motor performance. The Student’s t-test identified that selected players exhibited significantly higher values for height (t = 2.331, p = 0.02), lean body mass (t = 2.441, p = 0.01), and maturity offset (t = 4.559, p < 0.001), as well as performed better in declarative tactical knowledge (t = 10.484, p < 0.001), shooting (t = 2.188, p = 0.03), dribbling (t = 5.914, p < 0.001), speed – 30 m (t = 8.304, p < 0.001), countermovement jump (t = 2.718, p = 0.008), and peak power tests (t = 2.454, p = 0.01). Forward stepwise discriminant function analysis showed that declarative tactical knowledge, running speed –30 m, maturity offset, dribbling, height, and peak power correctly classified 97% of the selected players. These findings may have implications for a highly efficient selection process with objective measures of youth players in soccer clubs.

the aim of the study was to evaluate and organize systematically the available literature on skill-related performance in young and adult male soccer players in an attempt to identify the most common topics, ascertain the weaknesses, and elucidate the main contributions of the scientific papers on this issue. A systematic review of the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) Web of Knowledge database was performed in accordance with the Preferred reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-analyses (PrISMA) guidelines. the keywords 'football' and 'soccer' were used, each associated with the following terms: 'technical analysis,' 'technical performance,' 'technical activity,' 'technical skill,' 'technical demands,' 'technical profiles,' 'technical characteristics,' 'technical actions,' 'technical scores,' 'technical ability,' 'motor skills,' and 'skill acquisition'. From the 2830 papers, only 60 were reviewed, of which 75% had been published in years 2011-2015 and 53.3% concerned professional or seniors players (above the U-20 category). Out of the 41 papers that analysed the skill-related performance in the match, 48.8% evaluated the performance in small-sided and conditioned games. Among the 27 papers that used validated instruments, 88.9% assessed technical actions outside the match context (e.g. dribbling, shooting tests). Future research should pay attention to the definition and classification of the skill-related variables under investigation in match context and propose tests for measured skill-related performance in soccer, considering that the representativeness task design allies the players' possibilities of action to the situation of the match.

Background Meeting daily guidelines for physical activity, screen time, and sleep duration is associated with a host of health indicators for youth. In this cross-sectional observational study, we investigated the associations between adherence to the movement guidelines and health-related outcomes among youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods Parents of youth with ASD (10–17 years) from seven countries and regions were invited to provide online proxy-reports for child’s movement behaviors (i.e., physical activity, sleep and screen time), and health-related outcomes (i.e., body mass index [BMI], general health, and quality of life). A series of multiple linear regression analyses were used to examine the associations between meeting movement guidelines and health-related outcomes, adjusted for covariates. Results The final sample consisted of 1165 youth with ASD. Compared with youth meeting all three guidelines, a higher BMI z-score was observed in those who met no guidelines (B = 0.62, P = 0.04), “sedentary time only” (B = 0.60, P = 0.047), and “physical activity plus sleep only” (B = 0.85, P = 0.04). Compared with meeting all three guidelines, meeting no guidelines was associated with poorer general health (B = − 0.46, P = 0.02). Further, compared with youth meeting all three guidelines, a lower quality of life score was observed in those who met no guidelines (B = − 0.47, P = 0.02) and “physical activity only” (B = − 0.62, P = 0.03). Lastly, there were dose–response associations between the number of guidelines met and all three health-related outcomes (all Ptrend < 0.05). Conclusions In conclusion, meeting more 24-h movement guidelines was generally associated with more favorable health-related outcomes in youth with ASD. The low level of adherence to all three guidelines (2.0%) suggests the urgent need to promote the adoption of all the guidelines in this group.

Resumo: O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar a produção científica referente aos aspectos tático-técnicos nos JEC publicada em periódicos brasileiros entre 2000 e 2015.Por meio da busca online em 14 revistas, foram selecionados 335 artigos. Os trabalhos foram classificados nas seguintes categorias temáticas: Análise do desempenho tático-técnico, Metodologias de ensino, Análise do desempenho energético-funcional, Formação de treinadores, Formação de atletas e Outros. A partir de 2009, verifica-se um aumento substancial no número de publicações. A maior frequência de publicações (60,9%) encontra-se entre as temáticas Análise do desempenho tático-técnico e Metodologias de ensino. Adicionalmente, das 16 modalidades esportivas exibidas nos artigos, o futebol e o futsal contemplam 50,7% das publicações. Conclui-se que a produção científica acerca dos aspectos tático-técnicos nos JEC ainda é pouco abrangente e plural, portanto, mais estudos são necessários, sobretudo na Formação de Treinadores e Atletas, assim como em modalidades esportivas coletivas para pessoas com deficiência.Abstract: This study examined scientific production on tactical-technical aspects of team sports, published in Brazilian journals between 2000 and 2015. After an online search in 14 journals, 335 articles were selected and classified under the following thematic categories: Tactical-technical performance analysis; Teaching methodologies; Energy-functional performance analysis; Coach training; Athletes' training; and others. The number of publications has seen substantial increase since 2009. The higher frequencies of publications (60.9%) are distributed among themes related to Tactical-technical performance analysis and Teaching methodologies. Additionally, of 16 sports presented in the articles, Football and Futsal accounted for 50.7% of publications. We found that scientific production related to tactical-technical aspects in team sports is still not comprehensive and plural. Therefore, more studies are needed, especially on Coach and Athletes' Training, as well as team sports for people with disabilities.Resumen: El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la producción científica sobre los aspectos técnicos y tácticos en los Juegos de Deportes Colectivos (JDC) en revistas brasileñas entre 2000 y 2015. A través de la búsqueda online en 14 revistas, fueron seleccionados 335 artículos. Los estudios fueron clasificados: Análisis del rendimiento técnico-táctico, Metodologías de enseñanza, Análisis de rendimiento funcional de energía, formación de entrenadores, Formación de atletas y otros. Desde 2009, ha habido un aumento sustancial en el número de publicaciones. La mayor frecuencia de publicaciones (60.9%) se encuentra entre las temáticas: Análisis de rendimiento técnico-táctico y las Metodologías de enseñanza. Fútbol y Futbol de sala incluyen el 50.7% de las publicaciones. Se concluye que la producción científica sobre los aspectos tácticos y técnicos es incompleta, se necesitan, más estudios, especialmente en la formación de los entrenador...

Currently, the inclusion of disabled students in school still faces significant obstacles to its implementation. In Physical Education (PE) classes, these obstacles are mainly associated with failures in the pre‐service training offered in undergraduate courses. This study aimed to investigate pre‐service training on the inclusion of disabled students from the perspective of PE teachers. Four teachers, aged 27 to 32, participated in the study. The PE teachers took part in interviews, guided by open questions, which were later transcribed and analyzed using the technique of content analysis. The results section discusses the role of pre‐service training concerning the inclusion of disabled students in PE classes, and identifies the gaps in this training. The PE teachers indicated the need for a change in perspective with regard to inclusion in PE classes.

A dança, que pode ser considerada a mais antiga forma de arte, é usada pelo homem para que ele possa se expressar através do corpo, transcendendo o poder das palavras. Através da dança, a pessoa com síndrome de Down pode ressignificar sua deficiência, aceitando seu corpo e criando seu próprio vocabulário. Para compreender a funcionalidade da dança nesse sentido, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática de estudos em cinco bases de dados (Lilacs, MEDLINE, Periodico Capes, PubMed e Web of Science), contemplando os procedimentos metodológicos do PRISMA. Foram selecionados 11 artigos, dos quais foram divididos em três grandes áreas para análise – aspecto físico, cognitivo e social. Os artigos, em sua maioria, refletem sobre os benefícios que a dança proporciona para a pessoa com síndrome de Down, trazendo à tona a sua funcionalidade quando aplicada para esse público. O trabalho conclui que a dança é uma ferramenta positiva para a pessoa com síndrome de Down, nos aspectos que foram estudados, mas também traz a reflexão de que a dança pode ser introduzida muito além da necessidade terapêutica, como também recreação e profissionalização. Recebido em: 06/01/2021Reformulado em: 01/03/2021Aceito em: 10/03/2021