O texto discute a política de Humanização em Saúde do ponto de vista da lógica que a sustenta, em particular como uma ação da singularidade dos atores implicados no processo de produção da Saúde. A análise desenvolvida aponta para o fato de que as práticas de atenção à saúde, quando de acordo com os cânones da lógica utilitária, refletem não apenas uma ordem autoritária, como produzem sujeitos cerceados, fragmentados e incapazes. A humanização em Saúde é considerada uma possibilidade política de se alterar essa lógica e de instaurar, no interior das instituições, espaços de liberdade capazes de acolher, amparar, sustentar e dar significado à presença e às ações de profissionais de saúde, gestores e pacientes, ao considerar suas dimensões subjetivas e singulares.
A comparative, descriptive and analytical study of mental health systems in Brazil and Argentina, considering some of the developments and structures of implementation of the anti-asylum trend in the countries analysed and studying these factors in conjunction with regulations issued by international organisations in favour of this change in trend, from 1975 until the present-time. In this regard, the principal reference used in this study is the Caracas Declaration of 14 November 1990, created at the Regional Conference for the Restructuring of Psychiatric Care in Latin America, and signed by both countries, each therein committing to the restructuring of their respective mental health systems in accordance with the recommendations stipulated in the document. The analysis has three strands: a study of the published legislation, a study of existing practice in the Field, and a case study of two pioneering experiments of implementation of anti-asylum logic carried out simultaneously in each of the two countries. The study uses as theoretical reference the hypotheses of the Institutionalization Movement and the work of Michel Foucault, as well as the extensive ideology supporting the development of the anti-asylum trend: Basaglia, Tosquelles, Oury, Castel, and others.
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