This research analyzes the solution of reinforced concrete joints reinforced with steel sections, known as steel reinforced concrete (SRC). The aim is to verify the improvement of the ductile characteristics of steel reinforced concrete structures compared to conventional reinforced concrete structures. Another objective is to better understand the experimental behavior and thus be able to perform numerical simulations adjusted with the experimental ones. In addition, the behavior of reinforced concrete structures in all the bars with steel sections is compared with others in which only the joints are reinforced to obtain more efficient and economical structures. All these objectives have the main purpose of improving the behavior of structures against seismic loads. Five specimens of concrete joints with reinforced with steel were tested with cyclic loads to analyze their behavior. The strength superposition method can predict the shear strength. The results obtained confirm the greater capacity of absorption of energy of the structures with sections of steel embedded compared with the structures of conventional reinforced concrete, with greater ductility when facing large displacements.
This paper presents a three-dimensional finite element model to confirm experimental tests carried out on steel reinforced concrete joints. The nonlinear behavior of this concrete is simulated, along with its reduced capability to resist large displacements in compression. The aim was to obtain the plastic behavior of reinforced concrete beams with a numerical model in the same way as obtained experimentally, in which the reduction of strength in the post-critical stage was considered to simulate behavior until structures collapsed. To do this, a nonlinear calculation was necessary to simulate the behavior of each material. Three numerical models provide a moment-curvature graph of the cross-section until collapse. Simulation of the structural elements is a powerful tool that avoids having to carry out expensive experimental tests. From the experimental results a finite element model is simulated for the non-linear analysis of steel reinforced concrete joints. It is possible to simulate the decreasing stress behavior of the concrete until reaching considerable displacement. A new procedure is discussed to capture the moment-curvature diagram. This diagram can be used in a simplified frame analysis, considering post-critical behavior for future research.Metals 2019, 9, 131 2 of 20 to analyze the real behavior of the beam from the elastic to plastic range and collapse. Load was defined as a prescribed displacement located in the center of the beam to know its plastic behavior. The first model, P03, was a 3.6 m long pinned beam with a concentrated load in the center, with a steel reinforcement of four bars (12 mm in diameter). The second model, P04, had the same reinforcement, but with the addition of a 2 m long HEB-100 cross-section in the central part. The third model, P05, was a reinforced concrete beam capable of supporting a similar load to the P04 model, but without the metallic section, with a steel reinforcement of two bars (16 mm in diameter) and two bars (20 mm in diameter) ( Figure 2). Our conclusions were similar to those reached by recognized studies with more complex frames in which loads were applied in a reverse direction, such as in reference [2]. Recent research, such as in reference [3], shows that high-strength reinforced concrete structures confined with tubular profiles and embedded metal profiles display the best behavior. Metals 2018, 8, x FOR PEER REVIEW 2 of 20chosen because of the test frame's characteristics. Different constructive solutions were considered to analyze the real behavior of the beam from the elastic to plastic range and collapse. Load was defined as a prescribed displacement located in the center of the beam to know its plastic behavior. The first model, P03, was a 3.6 m long pinned beam with a concentrated load in the center, with a steel reinforcement of four bars (12 mm in diameter). The second model, P04, had the same reinforcement, but with the addition of a 2 m long HEB-100 cross-section in the central part. The third model, P05, was a reinforced concrete beam capable...
A numerical model for the analysis of frame structures that is capable of reproducing the behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) members and steel-reinforced concrete (SRC) members in all steps until collapse by simulating a reduced resistance capacity is presented in this work. Taking into account the solid models obtained in previous research that have been validated by experimental results, moment-curvature graphics were obtained in all steps: elastic, plastic, and post-critical to collapse. Beam models versus 3D models considerably simplified the calculation of frame structures and correctly described both the plastic and post-critical phases. The moment-curvature graph can be used in a simplified frame analysis, from post critical behavior to collapse.
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