In this paper explains the classical aspects in measure the differential relay performance. The classical aspects use the simulation through inrush current into the power transformer under three conditions. The first condition is giving the normal phenomenon as phenomenon of loading, the second condition is giving the fault phenomenon for outside of the protection zone, and the third condition is giving the fault phenomenon for inside of the protection zone. The result of measurement during loading condition, the differential relay not operate, because relay is set with value of 130% of the largest current between the three phases, so that the adjustable current is 4.45 mA. The results of current measurement to the differential relay when the fault condition is provided outside of the protection area, the current value to the differential relay should of zero mA and the differential relay not operate. The result of measurement of the current flow to the differential relay when giving the fault phenomenon inside the protection zone is obtained flow to relay at the phase-R is 127.7 mA, phase-S is 123.9 mA, and phase-T equal to 123.8 mA, while the result of calculation of the current flow to the differential relay of each phase of 152.61 mA, and the differential relay operate. After giving all of three conditions, the differential relay performance is known.
Dalam jaringan tenaga listrik, terdapat beberapa permasalahan kualitas daya yang sangat mempengaruhi suatu sistem tenaga listrik, salah satu adalah harmonisa. Harmonisa adalah gejala pembentukan gelombang-gelombang sinus dengan frekuensi kelipatan dari frekuensi fundamental. Gelombang harmonisa akan menumpang pada gelombang sinus murni, sehingga akan terbentuk cacat gelombang yang merupakan hasil penjumlahan gelombang sinus murni dengan gelombang harmonisa. Harmonisa terjadi akibat adanya beban nonlinier yang dihasilkan oleh peralatan listrik, salah satu contohnya adalah inverter. Pada inverter, harmonisa terjadi akibat adanya proses switching yang terjadi ketika inverter mengubah arus DC menjadi arus AC. Pada Penelitian ini akan dihitung berapa distorsi harmonisa yang di hasilkan pada inverter sebelum terpasangnya filter dan sesudah terpasangnya filter, dengan menggunakan software Simulink MATLAB. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan filter pasif berupa single-tuned filter, hasil simulasi yang telah dilakukan pada kondisi sebelum terpasangnya filter untuk nilai THDv sebesar 38.94% dan sesudah terpasangnya filter sebesar 27.43%. Selisih nilai, sebelum terpasang filter dan sesudah terpasangnya filter adalah sebesar 11.51%. hal ini masih melebihi standar IEEE 512 tahun 1992, sehingga diperlukan lebih dari satu filter untuk mengurangi harmonisa.
This work explains the classical methods for predicting the performance of the Buchholz relay. The traditional methods use the simulation by giving a phenomenon of incipient fault into the oil-immersed transformer. The Buchholz relay is a type of mechanical relay whose operating mechanism is influenced by oil and gas in the transformer tank tend to move into the expansion tank through the interconnecting piping. This device is a critical component that is integrated into the oil-immersed transformer protection philosophy. An electronic circuit-based simulator that is integrated with a circuit breaker operation control panel was chosen as a means for creating conditions during alarm or trip. The performance measurement provides simulated fault conditions for setting on alarm and trip. The provision of faults simulation in the form of pressing a push-button one time to simulate the existence of an alarm condition. In that condition, the CBs control panel does not operate, but the appointment of an alarm signal. Based on that, the Buzzer sounds and the status check trip is still normal or "no lock-out". Giving full pressure as a form of simulation for trip conditions on the Buchholz relay, the control panel designates the condition of the two CBs (side of 150 kV and 20 kV side) open, and the alarm signal designation also occurs with Buzzer sounding. Hence, the check trip status becomes "lock-out". The Buchholz relay serves to detect the presence of gas caused by local heating or pressure surges in the transformer oil. After giving all of the conditions, the Buccholz relay performance is known.
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