Modernization is a special form of development of society, development of technology and economy is the cornerstone of modernization. However, this development is not evolutionary, but revolutionary, accompanied with rather fast institutional transformations. Besides, modernization should be considered as a problem which covers, first of all, the sphere of economy but which cannot be studied and solved without interaction practically with all directions of activity of the person and society. Modernization models taking into account mental and civilization features of Russia are analyzed. The changes connected with globalization changes in world economy and resistance to these changes of the Russian social and economic institutes are considered. Need of coordination of processes of social and economic transformations with set of informal institutes of the Russian society is emphasized. On the basis of the carried-out analysis the conclusion about existence of various ways of further economic development is drawn. Russian norms and traditions, being integrated with the chosen elements of the western institutional environment, will create conditions for sustained economic growth. Thus, transition to essentially new concept of economic development of the country will be made.
It is becoming more difficult for the economy to enter the predicted development trends under conditions of the global systemic crisis, which has become a source of serious problems for countries that are deeply integrated into the world economy. The use of wellknown decision-making mechanisms for a wide range of problems, such as unsustainable consumption and production patterns, poverty and hunger, gender inequality, inequalities between countries and within countries, ecosystem disruption and a number of other equally important problems deserve additional reflection and analysis. In the context of the issues covered in the article, it is especially relevant to analyse the simultaneous impact on the economy of sustainable development mechanisms, based primarily on the objectives of declarative character and practice-oriented economic sanctions. The interrelation of diametrically opposed instruments of global influence that regulate the "scale" of the modern world economy in an attempt to improve its stability is described in the article. Economic sanctions and instruments of sustainable development, methods of corporate management, direct the modern international institutional mechanism to ensure the stability of economic development and sustainable economic growth. In this regard, the application of both sanctions and mechanisms for sustainable development is getting more and more justified. The authors conducted a systematic analysis of corporate economics and principles of sustainable development against the impact of sanctions; identified the problems of sustainable development caused by the introduction of sanctions that make it difficult to achieve the sustainable development goals in the longer term. Possible ways to solve the identified problems are suggested. We studied the "sanctionsliving standard, life quality" relation for the BRICS countries in the period of sanctions against Russia and China. We proposed possible solutions for the problems identified.
Future of the global economy depends more and more on possibilities and restrictions of innovative development. In the classical interpretation economic development is limited by non-renewable nature of a significant part of the natural resource potential and assimilation abilities of the environment. In opposition, it’s safe to say that the impact of innovative-technological factors, based on scientific, educational and information revolutions, powered by the synergic effect of the partnership of civilizations, is rising. The aggravation of this global contradiction forces countries, regions and enterprises around the world to look for additional ways to increase competitiveness and efficiency. One of the possible ways to solve this problem is the development of cluster policy – both on the part of the state and on the part of business, large multinational companies. The article analyzes the possibility of formation of technology of innovative development of the region through the competent implementation of cluster policy. The authors conducted a systematic analysis of the effects of clustering (localization), concentrated in the field of high-tech industries, identified problems of their development, including those in the context of globalization.
Research background: Global competition constantly sets new goals for each state in the field of economic security. The globalization process covers all new areas of activity and technology. To ensure economic security, in addition to information and financial technologies, innovative technologies are joining. In order to manage innovative development, scientific and methodological approaches are necessary, which is the current background of this work. Purpose of the article: The purpose of the study is to analyze and evaluate the use of innovative technologies to ensure the economic security of Russia in the context of globalization changes. The objective of the study is a comparative assessment of the dynamics of innovative development of Russia and the leading countries at the global level. Methods: As a scientific and methodological approach to monitoring and analyzing the level of development of innovative processes to ensure economic security, based on a study of available statistical sources, it is proposed to use indicators - Global Innovation Index (GII) 2019. Findings & Value added: Globalization and economic security affect all aspects of the economy. Economic security can be considered as a process of maintaining a state, the signs of which correspond to economic security in the context of globalization changes. Global indices of innovative development make it possible to assess the level of development of modern processes in the field of economic security and determine strategic priority development vectors in the future in order to strengthen the country’s economic positions and competitiveness on a global level.
This article is dedicated to the research of innovation processes at the regional level. There patterns of innovation processes and innovation activity applying modern management approach are considered. There dynamics analysis of such regional innovation activity indicators as number of organizations that perform the research; technology innovations cost; research and development inner cost; investment in equity; volume shipped innovation products is made based on statistic data. As an example of nature of the impact of these indicators to innovation environment of the region, the authors used the economic data of Saint Petersburg city. Additionally, there dynamics of analysing indicators is established, the reasons of their increase and decrease in the various time periods under the influence of political and external-economic factors is detected. In summary, the conclusion on current intensification of innovation processes in Saint Petersburg that reflects on both innovation activity data and territorial infrastructure, is made. The common tendency to increase the region innovation activity exists, despite the decrease of the number of organisations that perform researches and developments. These findings, achieved based on completed research, can be used to forecast the region innovation activity level, as well as for optimization of innovative activity indicators of the companies.
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