The article present focuses on the main aspects of understanding adolescence in the framework of the Cultural- Historical Theory. Such concepts as new psychological structures, the social situation of development and leading activity are discussed in relation to this age period. It is argued that controversies about the content of development in adolescence are due to the fact that so far no “ideal form” has been clearly indicated for this age. An attempt is made to discuss a little-known text by L.S. Vygotsky — “Concrete human psychology” — which highlights the issue of social roles and the importance of investigating them in adolescence. L.S. Vygotsky interprets the notion of role as a key mechanism responsible for the regulation of higher mental functions in various social interactions. For a number of reasons — particularly, historical — the concept of role has long remained almost neglected in the Russian psychology. Thus, the article draws our attention to the issue of the role development in adolescence and focuses on the problem of experimenting with roles as a particular system of activities during this age period.
The features of the development of communicative and reflexive abilities of children aged 6—10 years, depending on the ways of organizing educational interactions, are discussed. Basic social competencies defined by the requirements of the current Federal State Educational Standard of Primary General Education are considered as indicators of the development of abilities in the learning environment. Based on the selected indicators, a variant of the “Puzzle” diagnostic method has been developed, which allows to study the relationship between the development of social competencies in younger schoolchildren, and the joint way they perform while solving experimental problems. A comparative analysis of students' social competencies allows to prove the influence of ways of organizing educational interactions on the development of communicative and reflexive abilities of primary school children.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.