PurposeThe aim of this study was to investigate the perceived level of internalized stigma among patients with severe mental illnesses and its relationship with demographic and clinical variables in Poland.Patients and methodsA study sample (n=114, mean age=42.46±14.1 years; 55% of females) consisting of patients with nonorganic psychotic disorders as well as unipolar and bipolar affective disorders was evaluated (58% of outpatients and 39% of inpatients). All patients filled in the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI) scale (maximum severity=4). The demographic and clinical data were collected.ResultsThe study population demonstrated a mild level of internalized stigma (2.23±0.5). The highest score was observed in the alienation domain (2.63±0.8) and reflected moderate severity. The lowest score was noted in the stereotype endorsement domain (2.08±0.6). Moreover, the highest degree of internalized stigma was present in participants with unipolar affective disorder and was of moderate severity (2.46±0.6), while the level was moderate in the alienation domain (2.85±0.8). The level of vocational training education was the only variable associated with higher internalized stigma (P=0.02). There were no associations between gender, employment, and marital status and internalized stigma. The duration of the disease was the only clinical factor showing a significant positive correlation with stigma internalization (r=0.23; P=0.01). The number of hospital admissions and suicide attempts was not significantly correlated with internalized stigma.ConclusionPeople with severe mental illnesses in Poland experience a mild level of self-reported internalized stigma. Internalized stigmatization was most strongly associated with alienation, which indicates the need for stigma assessment procedures followed by stigma intervention programs in daily clinical practice. This is in accordance with the trend of environmental “open door” psychiatry, which could be the first step to decrease the level of stigma and internalized stigma in psychiatric patients in Poland.
ObjectiveThe goal of this study is to establish the differences in Type D personality and Big five personality traits between a group of newly diagnosed breast cancer patients and a group of controls.MethodsA comparative study of breast cancer patients and women without previous history of cancer was carried out. We used Type D Scale-14 as an instrument for the assessment of the type-D personality pattern and NEO-FFI for the assessment of the Big Five personality traits. Conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were applied for breast cancer by personality trait factors.ResultsNegative affectivity (NA) (OR = 4.45 95% CI: 1.96–10.61), neuroticism HIGH (OR = 3.97, 95% CI: 1.08–15.81), openness to experience HIGH (OR = 3.47 95% CI: 1.11–11.49), were associated factors significantly related to an increased risk of breast cancer, whereas Social Inhibition (SI) was associated factor with a decreased risk of breast cancer (OR = 0.40 95% CI: 0.16–0.92).ConclusionsThis was the first case-control study which analyzed NA and SI traits in breast cancer patients. SI as a breast-cancer risk decreasing factor might indicate that expressing negative emotions is not always a healthy mechanism of their regulation.
Purpose: Discussion of a case of adverse effects, like chronic anxiety disorders, following the administration of procaine penicillin. Case description: After procaine penicillin injection, the patient developed symptoms of the Hoigné syndrome, the most intense of which were dizziness and tinnitus, blurred vision and strong fear of death. Since the acute non-allergic reaction to penicillin occurred, panic disorder with severe somatic symptoms revealed and escalated. Those symptoms resembled the past Hoigné syndrome. Despite the treatment, the patient still reported ailments appearing with varying intensity. Comment: Psychiatric consequences of a reaction to some medication should be considered. Suitable care to those patients is necessary. Key words: anxiety disorders, panic attacks, acute non-allergic reaction to penicillin. StreszczenieCel: Opisano przypadek pacjenta, u którego konsekwencją wystąpienia działań niepożądanych po podaniu penicyliny prokainowej były przewlekłe zaburzenia lękowe. Opis przypadku: Po podaniu penicyliny prokainowej u pacjenta wystąpiły objawy charakterystyczne dla zespołu Hoignégo. Nasilone były: szum i świsty w uszach, zaburzenia widzenia, zawroty głowy oraz lęk przed śmiercią. Od momentu wystąpienia ostrej niealergicznej reakcji na penicylinę zaczęły narastać objawy zaburzeń lękowych z napadami lęku, którym towarzyszyły nasilone objawy somatyczne. Objawy te przypominały przebyty zespół Hoignégo. Pomimo leczenia pacjent nadal zgłasza pojawiające się z różnym natężeniem dolegliwości.Komentarz: W różnicowaniu należy brać pod uwagę możliwość wystąpienia psychiatrycznych następstw stosowania niektórych leków oraz objąć pacjentów odpowiednią opieką. Słowa kluczowe: zaburzenia lękowe, napady lęku, ostra niealergiczna reakcja na penicylinę.
IntroductionStigma is a multistage process that makes person marked by the stigma to be perceived as diminished or even as “not fully human”. The internalized stigmatization is seen as one of the levels of stigma to be present in persons with mental illness. A new perspective to mediation models between internalized stigma and illness-related factors is needed.AimTo assess the relationship between insight in mental illness and internalized stigma, as well to verify the knowledge of illness-related factors on the phenomenon of internalized stigma among patients with severe mental illnesses.MethodsA cross-sectional study design conducted among participants of both sexes between 18 years old and 65 years old with diagnosis of psychotic disorders (F20–29) and mood disorders (F30–39), who after reading the information about the study, give their written consent to participate. Among used methods were: a questionnaire of Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI) by Ritsher [Boyed] et al. translated into Polish version and self-prepared interviews. Insight into mental illness was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale.ResultsThe preliminary results showed patients with the insight into the mental illness have significantly higher scores on the ISMI scale. Moreover, inpatient participants and those with the diagnosis of depression were characterized by higher level of stereotype endorsement compared with outpatients and psychotic patients.ConclusionsThe obtained results may contribute in the clinical and therapeutic fields, assuming that insight and the type of treatment are strongly linked with the process of recovery and the internalized stigma.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.