Introduction. The biggest drawback of composite materials is polymerization contraction and the existence of microcracks, therefore the market is now offering a wide variety of new composite materials. The aim of this study was to evaluate the marginal seal using dye method of class V cavities restored with self-etching flowable composite material Vertise Flow polymerized with different light-curing techniques. Material and Methods. The study was conducted on 60 extracted intact human teeth (30 premolars, 30 molars). Two cavities Class V (3?2?2 mm) were prepared in all teeth. Cavities on buccal surfaces were filled with self-etching flowable composite Vertise Flow (Kerr Dental Products), and on lingual with flowable composite Tetric Flow (Ivoclar Vivadent) using the corresponding adhesive systems. Polymerisation was performed using Bluephase Led flashlight C8 (Ivoclar Vivadent). Microleakage was tested using dye in a silver nitrate solution. Dye penetration was measured using stereo loupes with micrometer scale and six times magnification. Results. Linear dye penetration in intact molars restored using the classical polymerization technique and Vertise Flow composite was 3.41 ?m while with Tetric Flow it was 4.23 ?m. In intact molars restored using soft-start polymerization technique and Vertise Flow the dye penetration was 1.25 ?m while for Tetric Flow it was 4.23 ?m. Mean dye penetration in intact molars restored using pulse curing technique and material Vertise Flow was 1.02 ?m while for the composite Tetric Flow it was 4.35 ?m. In intact premolars restored using conventional curing technique and Vertise Flow dye penetration was 1.14 ?m while for Tetric Flow it was 3.90 ?m. Dye penetration in intact premolars restored using soft-start polymerization technique and Vertise Flow was 0.75 ?m while for Tetric Flow it was 3.15 ?m. Using a pulse polymerization technique and Vertise Flow in intact premolars dye penetration was 1.45 ?m while for Tetric Flow it was 3.76 ?m. Conclusion. Vertise Flow, self-etching flowable composite showed better marginal seal than flowable composite resin Tetric Flow. Smaller microcracks with Vertise Flow were confirmed after applying all three light-curing polymerization techniques.
Introduction. Dental status in people with special needs is generally non satisfactory. Children with special needs have difficulties in maintaining oral hygiene, they require special conditions for dental care and because of previous negative experience they often show emotional vulnerability. Development of oral and dental diseases in these subjects is the consequence of insufficient knowledge about the causes of these diseases, poor eating habits, low level of oral hygiene and inadequate number of visits to dentist. The aim of this study was to determine dental status and the prevalence of dental caries in children with special needs in the institution “Zaštiti me” in Banjaluka. Material and Methods. The study included 82 children (53 boys and 29 girls) with mixed and permanent dentition age 5-15 years. They were divided into four groups according to their diagnosis. The first group included children with combined disorders of speech development and hearing, in the second group were children who had neurological disorders without mental retardation, third group included children with mild mental retardation and fourth group comprised children with moderate mental retardation. For each patient the number of teeth, the presence of caries and restorations, the number of extracted teeth, the presence of residual roots and the presence and number of fixed restorations were recorded. Results. Mean DMFT of all teeth was 9.77. Detailed analysis showed the greatest number of decayed teeth (83.83%), and filled teeth (9.52%) whereas the least number was for extracted teeth (6.65%). The highest percentage of children (79.27%) did not have any class I composite filling or one amalgam filling class I (82.92%). Only one child had a fixed restoration. Conclusion. The status of teeth in children with special needs in the institution “Zaštiti me” in Banjaluka indicated high percentage of carious teeth, small percentage of restorations and extracted teeth, and inadequate oral hygiene
Summary Introduction Deep caries is a reversible process where caries lesion has affected bigger part of dentin and only thin layer of softened dentin that separates lesion from the pulp is remained. The objective of this study was to identify and determine serotypes of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in teeth with deep caries lesions at the beginning of their treatment. Material and methods Clinical research included 29 patients of both genders, aged 16 to 40 and 45 permanent teeth with diagnosed deep caries lesions based on medical history, clinical and radiographic examination. After cavity preparation and removal of softened dentin, microbiological swab was taken from the bottom of the cavity. Swabs were disposed in special sterile micro tubes and stored at the temperature of −80°C until serotyping was done (determination of serotypes of A. actinomycetemcomitans bacterium). Results In one of the 3 samples two serotypes of A. actinomycetemcomitans (b and c) were identified which is relatively rare finding, while in the second and third sample serotypes (a) and serotype (b) was identified, respectively. Conclusion In the three samples the 3 serotypes were found (a, b and c) and one of the samples was carrying even two different serotypes, which is a rare phenomenon. For more serious epidemiological study of A. Actinomycetemcomitans serotypes at the population level incomparably larger starting material is necessary, at least few hundred of samples.
Introduction. Children with hearing impairment do not understand speech without specific instructions and cannot meet daily life requirements. Children with hearing and speech impairment have higher DMFT index and poorer oral hygiene than healthy children of the same age. The aim of this study was to determine oral health status and the prevalence of dental caries in children attending The Center for Education and Rehabilitation of Speech and Hearing in Banjaluka. Material and Methods. The study was conducted as a cross-sectional study and it included 66 children of both genders, age 3 to 18 years, with deciduous, mixed and permanent dentition. General information about the respondents, their socioeconomic status, dental hygiene habits and frequency of dental visits were obtained using a questionnaire. Dental examination was performed using a dental mirror, regular and proximal probe on the daylight, in accordance with World Health Organization guidelines. Oral examination included: number of present teeth, presence of caries, restorations, number of extracted teeth. These data was entered in each patient’s dental record. The DMFT index was used for the assessment of dental status. Results. Results showed that the mean DMFT value in the total sample was 7.79. There was no significant difference in the DMFT index between genders (p=0.19). The significant difference was not found between children who live with parents and those who live in foster families (p=0.15). It was observed that the respondents from rural areas had higher DMFT index (8.68) than respondents from urban areas (5.83). The DMFT index increased with age and school age (p<0.001). Examined patients were most affected with dental caries (6.62%) and least affected with extracted teeth (0.38%). It was revealed that 6% of respondents do not brush their teeth, and 25.8% of respondents had never visited dentist. Conclusion. Children with hearing and speech impairment from Banjaluka have low level of oral health. The DMFT index, as one of the most important parameters of oral health in these children was much higher compared to European countries and other countries in the region
Introduction. Bond between composite materials and bleached teeth depends on the change of micro-morphological structure of enamel and dentin after the application of bleaching agent. Bleaching procedure can weaken adhesion of composite materials to hard tissues, where even just a presence of hydrogen peroxide may affect their polymerization. The aim of this study was to determine bond strength of composite materials after internal teeth bleaching using 30% carbamide peroxide. Material and Methods. The study was conducted on 20 extracted, endodontically treated human teeth. After internal teeth bleaching with 30% carbamide peroxide a class V cavity was prepared and restored with Tetric EvoCeram nanocomposite material. Microleakage was determined using dye method (silver nitrate) and measured on the incisal and gingival walls using stereoloupes. Results. Linear dye penetration on the incisal wall (7.25 ?m) of bleached teeth was greater than on the incisal wall in non-bleached (control group) teeth (5.75 ?m) but with no statistically significant difference. Dye penetration on the gingival wall of bleached teeth (20.00 ?m) was greater than on the gingival wall of the control group (14.25 ?m). This difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusion. Greater microleakage and inferior bond of composite material was observed in teeth bleached with internal bleaching technique (30% carbamide peroxide) compared to non-bleached teeth.
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