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Studying the origins and transformations of a public square throughout time is extremely important, since it motivates its preservation and the consecration of its history. Therefore, the objective of this study was to carry out historic-cultural and landscape analyses of Dr. José Esteves Square and its whereabouts, built near a train station located in Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil. This research focused on the period between 1721 (settlement) and 2014. Dr. José Esteves Square was created to ornate and supports the arrival of passengers at the train station of Lavras. The way this public square was built is somewhat different from most public squares in Brazil, which are normally constructed around a church. Lack of maintenance, due to privatization, and the abandonment of train station facilities, made the gardens and areas around Dr. José Esteves Square lose their importance and the aesthetic characteristics they once had. Keywords: historical gardens, landscaping, Minas Gerais, railroads, Estrada Real (Royal Road). RESUMO Jardins de áreas de Estação de Trem: a criação e evolução da Praça Dr. José Esteves em Lavras-MGO estudo da origem e transformação de uma praça ao longo do tempo é de extrema importância, ocasionando a sua conservação e a consagração de sua história. Neste contexto objetivou-se realizar a análise histórico-cultural e paisagística da praça Dr. José Esteves e seu entorno, situada em Lavras MG, Brasil, originada próxima à estação ferroviária da cidade. A pesquisa centrou-se entre os anos 1721 (fundação do município) a 2014. A praça Dr. José Esteves foi criada com o intuito de ornar e dar apoio à chegada de passageiros pela Estação de Lavras. Sua formação ocorreu diferentemente da maioria das praças brasileiras, que normalmente tiveram sua construção relacionada a uma igreja. A falta de manutenção, associada à privatização e ao abandono dos prédios da ferrovia, fez com que seus jardins e adjacências perdessem a importância e as características estéticas que possuíam no passado.

The squares originated in Brazil in the colonial period are frequently associated with administrative or religious. However, with the implementation of railways, this model underwent transformations and gardens began to be constructed in front of Railway Stations, as public squares. Nevertheless, the records of origins, histories, and factors involved in creating such spaces, as well as their evolution, are not enough known. Therefore, the objective was to understand their evolution by identifying the characteristics, highlighting the urban and landscape aspects that these gardens presented from their emergence until the present, using as a model four cases from cities in the state of Minas Gerais. The research was centered between the 19th century until nowadays, and the method applied was an interface between inventive and subjective analyses, associated with a bibliographical and iconographic survey, in addition to interviews. In all the analyzed situations, the gardens complemented, besides the station itself, buildings of eclectic architecture, where commercial, industrial activities and structures of support to the railroad operated. It was found that the gardens were built in these spaces mainly to provide a good aesthetic impression of the city for visitors that arrive through the railway. Although these gardens were references to the city where they were implanted, most of these spaces transformed over time, considering their uses and aspects, breaking the strong relationship between space and building.

Brazil is dependent on importation of fertilizers, especially the potassics. Rocks and minerals that contain nutrients have a potential for use in agriculture as fertilizer, especially those of slow solubilization and that exhibit residual effect. In this context, the objective was to assess the feasibility of glauconite rock as potassium source for the cultivation of ornamental sunflower. The experiment was conducted under controlled conditions arranged in an entirely randomized design, in a 4x4 + 4 factorial scheme, with four replicates and one plant per plot. Four glauconite-based fertilizers were used as a potassium source: fine grained glauconite, fine grained organo-mineral glauconite, coarse grained glauconite and coarse grained organo-mineral glauconite, in four doses, as well as an additional treatment with four doses of KCl, the principal conventional source of the nutrient. The height of the flower stalks, the diameter of the stem and floral capitulum, the number of cultivation days and post-harvest durability were evaluated. The application of KCl yielded the production of flower stems with greater height and larger capitulum diameter in relation to the supply of glauconite. Among the glauconite based fertilizers, the fine grained organo-mineral product provided the best flower charateristics. The postharvest commercial durability of the flower stalks was higher in plants that received the glauconite and fine grained organo-mineral glauconite. The fine grained organo-mineral glauconite surpasses all other alternative sources of potassium in relation to the agronomic characteristics evaluated.Index terms: Helianthus annuus; glauconite; mineral nutrition; ornamental plant; postharvest. RESUMOO Brasil é dependente da importação de fertilizantes, especialmente os potássicos. Rochas e minerais que apresentem nutrientes têm potencial de utilização na agricultura como fertilizante, especialmente aqueles de solubilização lenta e que apresentem efeito residual. Neste contexto, objetivou-se avaliar a viabilidade da rocha glauconita como fonte de potássio para cultivo do girassol ornamental. O experimento foi instalado em condições controladas arranjado em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 4x4+4, com quatro repetições e uma planta por parcela. Utilizaram-se quatro fertilizantes à base de glauconita como fonte de potássio: glauconita farelada fina, glauconita farelada fina organomineral, glauconita farelada grossa e glauconita farelada grossa organomineral, em quatro doses, além de um tratamento adicional com quatro doses de KCl, principal fonte convencional do nutriente. Avaliou-se a altura das hastes florais, diâmetro da haste e do capítulo floral, número de dias de cultivo e durabilidade pós-colheita. A aplicação de KCl proporcionou a produção de hastes florais com altura superior e maior diâmetro do capítulo floral em relação ao fornecimento da glauconita. Dentre os fertilizantes à base de glauconita, o produto farelado fino organomineral proporcionou melhores características...

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