Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi minimnya sumber referensi terkait arsitektur vernakular bagi para mahasiswa dan praktisi arsitektur yang berdampak pada pendidikan arsitektur dan profesi arsitek. Untuk itu tulisan ini bertujuan menggali kembali sumber referensi arsitektur vernakular yang ada untuk memperoleh konsep yang mampu memperkaya pemahaman tentang arsitektur vernakular. Penelitian ini menggunakan berbagai pustaka/literatur dan beberapa fakta empiri arsitektur vernakular yang ada sebagai data. Dengan analisis konten terhadap berbagai pustaka/literatur yang ada maka dirumuskanlah sebuah konsep arsitektur vernakular yang mencakup 3 elemen: yaitu ranah, unsur, dan aspek-aspek vernakularitas.
Banjarmasin as the city of a thousand rivers has become a region with strong riverside character. From its history, traditional kampungs grow along the riverbanks with unique features and characteristics. Along with the development of time and progress in all fields, the riverside kampung undergoes transformation that threatens the fading of the identity and existence of riverside architecture in Banjarmasin City. This study aims to identify the character of riverside architecture in Kampung Sasirangan and dwelling components that became the background of the character. The location of Kampung Sasirangan chosen based on the criteria of finding lanting houses, riverbank houses, titian, trunks, toilets, docks and bridges as part of the riverside architecture This research uses rationalistic method with typology as a classification analysis tool of mapping of residence typology and its physical component. The findings of this study illustrate the trend of changes and transformation of riverbanks and lanting houses in the area of Kampung Sasirangan that is happening and is real. These changes are generally not in the form of architectural form but in the material forming content and functions that exist in each of these houses. The strong influence of the road to the attraction of orientation and the changing factor of the community profession in Kampung Sasirangan, which is based on the main factor that is the economic accessibility that becomes the base of the changing factor of the area.
The village master plan is a document that can be a guide in determining the direction and development of a village. With all the potentials that exist, Batulicin Irigasi Village does not yet have a master plan that can be a guide and development scheme in managing village potentials and minimizing existing obstacles. Preparation of the Batulicin Irigasi Village master plan is a form of community service from the Faculty of Engineering ULM. This Village master plan aims to help residents in understanding the potential values of the village and directing its development in realizing the aspirations and expectations of the residents. The concept raised in the Batulicin Irigasi Village master plan is independent tourism village. The independent village concept is based on food independence, economic independence, energy independence, water independence, and disaster preparedness. The concept of a tourist village through the Batulicin Irigasi Village development strategy can be implemented in the form of plantation and livestock arrangement, street furniture signage, yard guidelines, UMKM product marketing, village water reserves, mixed-use building, criteria for supporting buildings, village branding, regional landscapes, and tourist packages. It is hoped that the final result of the Batulicin Irigasi Village master plan can bring great benefits to the development of the local area and the surrounding community.
Cempaka is a strategic place for drivers to stop and rest because Cempaka has the potential of distinctive local products that attract drivers to stop and rest. But, this is not supported by adequate facilities. Drivers who stop by can only rest for a limited time with limited facilities. However, not a few drivers who force themselves to rest for a long time in food stalls, mosques or minimarkets, resulting in long queues and forcing visitors to park their vehicles on the shoulder of the road because of limited parking space. This is what underlies the planning of the rest area in Cempaka, with the concept of an integrated rest area, which makes this rest area integrated with the development of the existing potential in Cempaka.
Riverbanks in Murung Kenanga have the potential to be developed as green open space on the banks of a river that can maintain sustainability the function of the river and becomes a forum for community outreach. This potential has not been fully developed. The existing condition of the river bank which is used as shelter and disposal, causing edge damage river. The conditions of slums around the area become an obstacle to additional handling of this area. Therefore, this area requires the arrangement is right on target and has a positive impact on the surrounding environment. The urban acupuncture method was chosen by making the riverbank area in Murung Kenanga as an open green space and a positive activity point for the surrounding community. The principle of the application of urban acupuncture used in design points in the region is the target focus, low cost applies in every situation, instant effects, facilitate needs, and simple actions. The method supports the concept of environmental & recreation waterfront that is applied by making the area river banks as open spaces that are creative and considerate of the environment. Application of concepts and methods applied through, 1) Quality improvement regional environment through exploiting the natural potential and returning functions rivers with the development of pond areas, the use of riverbank vegetation and ecological plaster 2) Utilization of river banks as recreation areas with designing playgrounds & reading for children, relaxing parks, sports parks, and areas culinary 3) Triggering positive community activities by providing open space green equipped with supporting facilities therein.
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