The development of industrial fermentation food could not separate with the availability of culture starter that suffice to support its production. Dried starter can be an option to use in fermentation industry because it can be stored for longer time without rejuvenation. However, in the process of production of dried starter needs the matrix to maintain cell viability, economically and availability of raw material. This research was conducted to use selected dried starter of indigenous lactic acid bacteria by using sour cassava starch matrix. Eleven local isolates lactic acid bacteria isolates from spontaneous fermentation of carbohydrates commodity were selected based on their acid production capabilities and antibiotics susceptibilities. Isolate of E 1222 showed the best result and was identified as Pediococcus pentosaceus. The isolate was encapsulated with sour cassava starch matrix for making dried starter by using freeze dryer and spray dryer. Freeze dried starter culture could maintained the cell viability higher than spray dried starter culture i.e 10.34 log CFU/g and 8.91 log CFU/g, respectively. Finally, freeze dried starter culture could maintain the percentage of cell viability until 89.38% during four-weeks storage at 4 oC.
Human urine is one of the primary wastes in urban areas, which has not been maximally processed and utilized until now. Human urine can be processed into biofertilizer with special processing procedures to minimize the negative impact of using urine as fertilizer and avoid odor, dirt, and contamination of pathogenic bacteria in the processing process. This prototype aims to design a Biotoilizer Automatic System with processing human urine into a biofertilizer and an automatic fertilization system. This system is equipped with a DC water pump, pH sensor, YL-69 sensor, ultrasonic sensor, real-time clock (RTC) NodeMCU microcontroller, and Arduino Uno. The method used in this research is an experimental method by designing technical designs and making prototypes of an Internet of Things (IoT) based automatic fertilization system that utilizes solar panels and is integrated with Bio toilets and designing software. The system's test results can process urine into a biofertilizer and fertilize automatically 95% based on regulated conditions and can be monitored with an application via a smartphone
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder due to insulin function insufficiency. This study aimed to test the effectiveness of flower extract of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) extract in producing antidiabetic compounds. The inhibition of roselle flower extract on the alpha- glucosidase enzyme was carried out in vitro. Molecular docking was also carried out to bind ligands derived from roselle flower extract's secondary metabolites to the alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase enzymes. Based on molecular docking, models have negative binding energies suggesting those ligands make a complex to the site receptor. Kaemferol-3-O-rutinoside and tiliroside become the most stable complex based on the lowest energy score of –9.5 and –8.1 kcal/mol for alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase, respectively. The highest antidiabetic activity was obtained at a 100 ppm roselle flower ethanol extract and distilled water with an inhibition value of 100.00 and 99.25%, respectively. The alpha-amylase inhibiting test, using a concentration of 2.5 mg/mL, had an inhibitory activity of 41.77%. The in vitro assessment was conducted using the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis study showed that roselle flower extract could reduce glucose levels in fasting rats better than negative controls (diabetic rats) by 61% than those not given the roselle flower extract.
This service is carried out to provide information about processed livestock products as an effort to prevent stunting in infants and children. The service was held on February 28, 2021 with female participants who were members of the Family Welfare Development (PKK) in the Siantan Hilir sub-district, North Pontianak. The method used in this service is socialization in the form of delivering information on processed livestock products as an effort to prevent stunting in infants and children. There are three stages carried out namely the stages of preparation, implementation, and evaluation. The outreach was carried out as targeted. All participants gained additional knowledge and understanding related to stunting and its prevention through consumption of processed livestock products which are not difficult to find. The low understanding before this socialization was carried out then the participants became more aware of the importance of preventing stunting starting from babies in the womb to post-delivery. There is an opportunity to change the behavior of participants in neglecting the food and snacks consumed by their children. Therefore, it is necessary to do the same thing at various levels of society as participants in a wider socialization.
Pati dan modifikasinya potensial untuk digunakan sebagai matriks enkapsulasi bakteri asam laktat (BAL), di antaranya yaitu tapioka asam dan tapioka nanokristalin. Studi ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan penggunaan matriks tapioka asam dan tapioka nanokristalin dengan kombinasi susu skim untuk enkapsulasi Pediococcus pentosaceus menggunakan freeze drying. Perlakuan yang diujikan yaitu tapioka asam+susu skim 3%, tapioka asam+susu skim 10%, tapioka nanokristalin+susu skim 3% dan tapioka nanokristalin+susu skim 10%. Parameter yang diamati yaitu viabilitas sel sebelum dan sesudah freeze drying, tingkat ketahanan sel, dan kadar air. Enkapsulasi menggunakan matriks tapioka asam dan tapioka nanokristalin menunjukkan hasil yang tidak berbeda nyata. Namun, perlakuan konsentrasi susu skim yang digunakan menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda nyata. Tingkat ketahanan sel Pediococcus pentoseceus meningkat dengan peningkatan konsentrasi susu skim yang ditambahkan, Hasil terbaik diperoleh dengan penambahan susu skim 10% yaitu menghasilkan tingkat ketahanan sel sebesar 97% pada matriks tapioka asam dan 96,46% pada matriks tapioka nanokristalin. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa baik matriks tapioka asam maupun tapioka nanokristalin baik digunakan untuk enkapsulasi Pediococcus pentosaceus dengan menghasilkan tingkat ketahanan sel > 87% dan kadar air 10-18%.
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