Fractal and reconfigurable antennas are the need of modern wireless communication systems that operate under dynamic scenarios catering to the diversified needs of modern wireless applications. In this dissemination, a novel multiband Fractal Reconfigurable Antenna (FRA) is presented and discussed using two RF PIN diodes as switching elements for electronic reconfiguration. It is analyzed using equivalent circuit concept and investigated in terms of various antenna performance parameters. The proposed FRA can operate in various frequency bands resonating at four different frequencies with switchable bandwidth and gain. The highest gain is observed to be about 8.37 dB at 9.68 GHz while the highest bandwidth is about 540 MHz in the X-band. The simulation and measurement results obtained are found in agreement. The multiband characteristics of the proposed FRA make it useful for smart wireless communication applications in the S (2-4 GHz), C (4-8 GHz), and X (8-12 GHz) microwave bands.
This work discusses the effect of reconfigurability on a Sierpinski-carpet fractal microstrip patch antenna. The implementation of reconfigurability is achieved by modeling a PIN diode as a lumped RC element on HFSS (High Frequency Structure Simulator) simulation tool. The proposed antenna design is also fabricated and tested. It is highly miniaturized having a dimension of 9.5 mm × 7.4 mm and a significantly high impedance bandwidth which is desirable for most wireless communication applications. The resultant Fractal Reconfigurable Antenna (FRA) exhibits good performance parameters having frequency reconfigurability rendering it useful for Ku/K/Ka band applications.
This work proposes a novel probe-fed circular patch antenna which has been fractaled and reconfigured to deliver enhanced performance. The circular ground plane is made defected using Cantor-square fractal geometry which reduces the cross-polarization level by about 12 dB. Further, by appropriate positioning of a PIN diode switch in the ground slot, the fractal Circular Microstrip Patch Antenna (CMPA) is enabled to achieve frequency reconfiguration. A prototype of the proposed antenna is fabricated and tested for the assessment of various parameters. The proposed fractal reconfigurable antenna has a peak gain well above 6 dB, high radiation efficiency, and a maximum bandwidth of about 700 MHz in the X-band (8-12 GHz). The present work aims to focus on the huge potential of fractal reconfigurable antennas in modern dynamic wireless communication systems.
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