The rapid urbanization around the world has generated a tremendous interest in the study of megacity insurgencies. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new field of study-of expeditionary energy economics (e3)-that addresses energy management in the military expeditionary environment (EMMEE), particularly through the promotion of (global/ local) entrepreneurship. This study argues that successful megacity counterinsurgency (COIN) campaigns of the twenty-first century will depend on fast solutions to critical energy infrastructure (CEI) vulnerabilities within individual communities. The implementation of e3 requires that COIN practitioners have a basic understanding of community-based entrepreneurship (CBE), high-risk/high-impact innovation (HRH2I), and the CEI that these individual communities rely upon. Empirical evidence is also discussed to support a proposed e3 definition.
This article was published with the new title 'Nuclear Fusion Diffusion: Theory, Policy, Practice, and Politics Perspectives' with the doi listed in IEEE TEM with the following Abstract: Fusion energy has the potential to address long-term energy requirements and climate change. However, fusion energy is characterized by a “development divide” between the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) consortium members and the non-ITER “Global South” states. It is beset with problems, which can be divided into geopolitical, geo-economic, geo-sociocultural, and geo-technological (GEO-PEST). Geopolitical problems include cooperation on fusion energy development between ITER members (of the Global North) and the Global South on fusion development. Geo-economic problems include the cost of funding ITER versus newly emerging private-sector fusion companies. Geo-sociocultural problems include the requirement to maintain the peacebuilding tradition of nuclear energy (embodied by the Cold War-era “Atoms for Peace” initiative), as well as public perceptions of radiation. Geo-technological problems include tokamak lock-in, fuel type, the viability of “compact reactors,” and disruptive technology events. In this article, we outline these problems and discuss how to address them in a timely fashion via an external independent review mechanism, modeled on the International Energy Agency's “Global Commission for Urgent Action on Energy Efficiency,” established in 2019 and due to deliver recommendations in 2020.
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