The development of a new voltammetric method for the determination of Pb2+ ions in water samples using glassy carbon electrodes modified with 2,6-bis((E)-2-(thiophen-2-yl)vinyl)-4-(4,6,8-trimethylazulen-1-yl)pyrylium perchlorate is here presented. The analytical parameters for differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) were established and the method was applied for Pb2+ ions determination in acetate buffer solution at pH 5.5. For the developed DPV method the linearity of calibration curve was set up between 20.71mg L-1 - 103.6 mg L-1 with a good correlation coefficient R2=0.9988, the intermediate precision was calculated for three lead concentrations:20, 60,100mg L-1.The obtained detection and quantification limits were 3.1 mg L-1, respectively 10.4 mg L-1. An uncertainty budget was developed and the value of expanded uncertainty was assessed. The optimized method was used to analyze Pb2+ ions from of water samples and good correlation with standard method was obtained.
This paper focuses on electrochemical characterization of new azulene compound 2,6-bis((E)-2-(thiophen-3-yl)vinyl)-4-(4,6,8-trimethylazulen-1-yl)pyrylium (L) by cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), rotating disk electrode voltammetry (RDE) on glassy carbon disk working electrodes. The character of redox processes was established by CV and RDE using increasing scan rates at different scan domains. PolyL modified electrodes have been prepared by scanning or controlled potential electrolysis (CPE). The complexing properties of L and polyL have been investigated towards detection of heavy metal ions by anodic stripping technique. The voltammetric curves present well defined peaks for Pb2+, Cd2+, Cu2+ and Hg2+, which can be used as analytical signals for their determination. The performances of the modified electrodes obtained at different potentials and charges have been evaluated. The best results have been obtained for Pb2+ and Cd2+ with the achievement of detection limits of 10-7 M.
Azulene is a special monomer used to functionalize electrodes due to its high polarizability, because it makes possible spontaneous electron drift from the five-membered ring to the seven-membered ring. Our study concerns the electrochemical characterization by cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse-voltammetry and rotating disk electrode voltammetry of a new azulene monomer, 4-(5-isopropyl-3,8-dimethylazulen-1-yl)-2,6-bis((E)-2-(thiophen-2-yl)vinyl) pyridine (L). It has been used to obtain complexing modified electrodes by electrochemical polymerization. PolyL films modified electrodes have been characterized by cyclic voltammetry in ferrocene probe solution. The complexing properties of polyL based functional materials have been investigated towards heavy metals (Pb, Cd Hg, Cu) by preconcentration � anodic stripping technique.
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