Sea buckthorn (
Hippophae Rhamnoides L
.) is an important source of bioactive compounds such as: antioxidants, vitamins, fatty acids, amino acids, and minerals. Sea buckthorn leaves extracts have been proved to have anti-microbial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-viral properties. In this paper, the extraction of polyphenols from sea buckthorn leaves using a semi-continuous small-scale reactor is described. The extraction conditions must not affect the composition and structure of polyphenols. For this reason, the influence of different parameters (residence time, solvent flow rate, stirring rate, reactor type, and solvent pre-heating) on the extraction process were studied. The polyphenolic extracts were analyzed in order to determine the total phenolic content (TPC), the antioxidant capacity and the concentration of the main phenolic compounds. The TPC increases with the stirring rate. Pre-heating the solvent leads to a better yield and reduced residence time. The antioxidant capacity is in concordance with the TPC results. HPLC analysis confirms that the semi-continuous microwave assisted extraction (MAE) does not affect the composition of the extracts. The energy consumption was significantly lower for MAE compared with conventional extraction (CE).
This paper presents the development of a mathematical model for pigment formulations used for screen printing textile inks in order to reproduce the NATO IRR green standard using four highly performant pigments: Hostaperm Yellow H4G (CI 13980), Irgazin Red A2BN (CI 65300), Heliogen Blue (CI 74160), and Lamp Black (CI 77266). In order to study the influence of each pigment on the final CIE L* a* b* parameters, a quadratic mathematical model (Scheffé type) was created and experimentally validated. The model was used and verified for generating pigment compositions for textile inks that reproduce the NATO IRR green. A total of 22 possible solutions were developed and experimentally performed. Studies regarding the reflectance in the visible-near-infrared domain were conducted, ensuring compliance with the standard. The optimal composition of the pigment mixture was 66.55% Hostaperm Yellow H4G, 7.66% Heliogen Blue, 12.01% Irgazin Red A2BN, and 13.78% Irgazin Red A2BN. The mixture was added to textile ink in the proportion of 5% and was applied via serigraphy.
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