In science learning like biology, metacognitive skill needs to be developed. Inquiry-based learning is a learning which may train students' metacognitive skill. This research aimed to: (1) determining the effectiveness of inquiry-based learning in training students' metacognitive skill, and (2) examining the influence of gender difference on the students' metacognitive skills after given the inquiry-based learning. This research used a 4-D research and development model, and one group pre-test and post-test design was applied for the effectiveness trial. The subject of this research was 70 students (35 male and 35 female) of class X Mathematics and Natural Science of Public Senior High School 01 Manokwari, Indonesia. This research employs lesson plan, student worksheet, students' book, expert-validated achievement test and focus group discussion as its instruments. The metacognitive skill data were obtained from metacognitive skill rubric. The data were analyzed using paired sample t-test and independent sample t-test. It was found that inquiry-based learning effectively trains students' metacognitive skill, and there is no significant difference between male students' metacognitive skill with that of female students. Further researches may examine the difference of male and female students' metacognitive skill based on grade, age or personality taught using inquiry-based learning.

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Keterampilan proses sains (KPS) merupakan keterampilan yang dibutuhkan siswa saat mereka melakukan penyelidikan. Keterampilan ini dibutuhkan oleh siswa dalam proses penyelidikan untuk memecahkan masalah dari suatu fenomena alam yang ada di sekitar mereka. Penelitian bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan proses sains dan hasil belajar siswa. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas. Penelitian dilaksanakan di kelas XI IPA SMA Yapis Manokwari. Jumlah subjek sebanyak 19 orang siswa. Instrumen penelitian terdiri dari tes hasil belajar dan tes KPS. Indikator KPS yang diukur adalah mengamati, menyusun hipotesis, mengukur, interpretasi data dan membuat kesimpulan. Hasil validasi oleh ahli menunjukkan bahwa instrumen sangat valid untuk digunakan. Analisis data menggunakan persentasi capaian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan keterampilan proses sains siswa pada siklus I sebesar 84,21% meningkat menjadi 94,74% pada siklus II, besar peningkatan adalah 10,53%, dan berada pada ketagori baik sampai kategori sangat baik. Ketuntasan belajar siswa pada pada siklus I sebesar 89,47%, meningkat menjadi 94,74% pada siklus II. Besar peningkatan hasil belajar adalah 5,27%. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah keterampilan proses sains dan hasil belajar siswa kelas XI IPA SMA Yapis Manokwari dapat ditingkatkan melalui pembelajaran berbasis inkuiri.

This research aims to determine the difference in student achievement that used problem solving learning model and conventional learning model. The type of research was quasi experimental. The research was conducted at SMP N 11 Manokwari. The sampling technique used purposive sampling. A number of the sample the control group of 31 students and the experimental group of 30 students. Data analysis used independent t-test at significant level 0,05 with help of SPSS 22 for Windows program. The results showed that there was a difference in the student achievement (P = 0,000 <0.05), where the N-Gain value of experimental group was 0.4 and the control group was 0.3. The conclusion, there is a difference in the improvement of student achievement, where the students who learn by using the problem solving learning model higher the improvement of student achievement compared to the students who learn by using the conventional learning model.

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Critical thinking (CT) in biology is important for future learners. The examination results from previous studies are complemented by the author's initial findings showing that students' CT is not well developed. This research develops comic books as Augmented Reality (AR) markers to raise students' CT. ADDIE model is used in this research. The scaletest was limited to twenty rural high school students. Validation sheets, CT tests, and questionnaires were used to collect data. The research results show that comic books and AR are valid based on expert evaluation. Limited scale trial of moderate improvement in student CT (n-gain = 0.38). 75% of students' CT has developed well at the end of the lesson. There is a significant difference between pre- CT and post-CT (p < 0.05). Students respond excellently to the use of comic books as AR markers in learning. This research concludes that comic books and AR are valid and their use in learning during a pandemic can improve students' CT. Recommendations for future research are trials on a large scale to determine the strong effectiveness of using comic books as AR markers.

<p class="0abstract">Comics have been used as an alternative tool to improve student learning outcomes during the pandemic, but not yet for junior high school science learning.<strong> </strong>The study aims to explore the impact of digital comics in online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic on students' cognitive learning outcomes (CLO). A quasi-experimental research design was used in the study. A total of 42 eighth-grade students participated in the current study. They were randomly assigned to two conditions. The first condition was online learning assisted by digital comic media. The second condition was non-comic online learning. A multiple-choice test developed by the researchers was used to measure students' CLO. Although the number of participants is limited, an independent samples t-test was used to analyze the data because the data was normally distributed.  The results show that students' CLO differs significantly between comic and non-comic assisted online learning in favor of comic assisted online learning conditions. The possible reasons behind the findings were discussed. As a conclusion, several suggestions for researchers and teachers were offered.</p>

The inquiry-based learning model is the model suggested for learning in the 21 st century. This learning process will succeed if supported by teaching material that prepares students for real-life situations. This research aimed to design and develop valid teaching material that is oriented towards inquiry-based learning. The research method used was a 4-D model. The process started with the defining stage and the design and development of teaching material (included validation and small group trials). A pilot project consisting of data from 14 students was conducted. Three experts validated teaching materials using focus group discussion (FGD) technique. The result of the research shows that the created teaching material obtained a validity value of 87.01% with a reliability score of 0.69. Five aspects assessed in teaching material obtained good validation values. Values obtained show that teaching material oriented towards inquiry-based learning was a very valid category and response of students was excellent. Teaching material was theoretically feasible for use in biology lessons