Monitoring CO2 levels in intubated neonates is highly relevant in the face of complications associated with altered CO2 levels. Thus, this review aims to present the scientific evidence in the literature regarding the correlation between arterial carbon dioxide measured by non-invasive methods in newborns submitted to invasive mechanical ventilation. The search was carried out from January 2020 to January 2021, in the Scopus, Medline, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CINAHL and Embase databases. Also, a manual search of the references of included studies was performed. The main descriptors used were: “capnography,” “premature infant,” “blood gas analysis,” and “mechanical ventilation.” As a result, 221 articles were identified, and 18 were included in this review. A total of 789 newborns were evaluated, with gestational age between 22.8 and 42.2 weeks and birth weight between 332 and 4790 g. Capnometry was the most widely used non-invasive method. In general, the correlation and agreement between the methods evaluated in the studies were strong/high. The birth weight did not influence the results. The gestational age of fewer than 37 weeks implied, in its majority, a moderate correlation and agreement. Therefore, we can conclude that there was a predominance of a strong correlation between arterial blood gases and non-invasive methods, although there are variations found in the literature. Even so, the results were promising and may provide valuable data for future studies, which are necessary to consolidate non-invasive methods as a reliable and viable alternative to arterial blood gasometry.
Introdução: A mortalidade materna e infantil reflete a situação sanitária e a qualidade da assistência à saúde. As taxas de mortalidade no Brasil apresentam diferenças entre as regiões geográficas e são superiores às de outros países em desenvolvimento. Objetivo: Compreender variáveis associadas à mortalidade materna e infantil. Materiais e Métodos: Revisão integrativa, consultadas as bases Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online e Banco de Dados em Enfermagem. Considerados artigos publicados entre 1999-2018, cenário Brasil e idioma português, selecionados por dois pesquisadores calibrados com nível de concordância Kappa substancial. As variáveis associadas significativamente às mortalidades foram aproximadas às camadas do modelo dos Determinantes Sociais de Saúde. Resultados: Identificou-se 522 artigos e selecionados 74. Por camada, destacaram-se as variáveis: características individuais - peso ao nascer e idade materna; estilo de vida - tabagismo na gestação; influências sociais - estado civil materno; condições de vida e trabalho - assistência pré-natal e escolaridade materna; condições socioeconômicas e ambientais gerais - saneamento básico e renda. Conclusões: As variáveis mais encontradas foram peso ao nascer e idade materna, aproximadas à camada individual, de baixa governabilidade direta do gestor. Para mudanças nessa camada, as intervenções devem influenciar nas variáveis das camadas mais externas, das quais destacaram-se assistência pré-natal, escolaridade materna, renda e saneamento básico. Reforça-se a responsabilidade direta dos gestores na redução da mortalidade materna e infantil, por meio de ações que visem reduzir as iniquidades em saúde.
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