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A series of 9 intermuscular and 34 intramuscular lipomas, and 1 intermuscular and 2 intramuscular hibernomas is presented. One intramuscular lipoma infiltrated not only muscle but also fascia and tendon. The shoulder region and the thigh were the most common sites of the lipomas. Clinically the tumor appeared in most cases as a painless, fairly soft mass. Dysfunction of the engaged muscle was apparent in only 4 patients. A characteristic change in consistency and form was shown in 14 cases: the tumor being soft and flat when the muscle was relaxed, and becoming firm and more spherical when the muscle was contracted. Some tumors, having developed in a closed fascial space, were firm on palpation even when the muscle involved was relaxed. Radiography was performed in 36 patients with lipoma. In 31 of these the tumor was clearly visible because of its radiotranslucency. Streaks of higher density caused by muscle fiber bundles were seen within the tumor area in some cases. Angiography was performed in 14 patients with lipoma. Usually the tumor appeared poor in vessels in relation to surrounding muscle, and in no patient was increased vascularity, abnormal vessel formation, or early venous filling observed. Microangiography of 2 of the lipomas demonstrated their poor vascular supply in relation to the surrounding muscle. Angiography in 2 patients with hibernoma showed that the tumor was highly vascular with irregular vessels and early venous filling, findings usually held as contributory signs of malignancy in the diagnosis of soft tissue tumors. Microangiographic studies of these hibernomas, earlier reported, also demonstrated their high vascularity. A followup study has shown the benign course of intermuscular and intramuscular lipoma and hibernoma.

Measurements of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal plasma flow (RPF) were performed in close connection with roentgenographic estimation of kidney size, before and after hypophysectomy, in 10 patients (four cases of metastatic mammary carcinoma, five cases of diabetic retinopathy and one case of acromegaly). Hypophysectomy was regularly followed by a decrease in GFR and RPF. In most cases, a reduction in the roentgenographic kidney size was also observed. However, the changes in the roentgenographic kidney size and calculated kidney weight after hypophysectomy were smaller and occurred at a slower rate than the alterations in GFR and RPF. The results favour the view that, primarily, the decrease in GFR and RPF following hypophysectomy is essentially functional rather than due to a reduced kidney mass.

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The width of the posterior part of the third ventricle was measured at peroperative encephalography in 105 patients with extrapyramidal movement disorders, undergoing thalamotomy. The average width was found to be 8.9 mm (true dimensions), which means that it was found to be wider than earlier published average widths of the third ventricle in ‘normal’ brains. The width was found to be larger in men than in women. The immediate result of the operation was better in patients with small than in those with wide third ventricles. A normal variation in the width of the third ventricle from day to day of up to 2 mm in the same individual was found.

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