Fluorescent lamps are widely used world-wide due to their long life and energy saving capability. These lamps contain mercury (Hg) as a source of fluorescent radiation. The object of this study is a new technology for physicochemical treatment of waste fluorescent lamps. The residuals of the technological process were evaluated for potential leaching of heavy metals into the environment. Evaluation was performed using standardized extraction tests. Additionally, X-ray diffractometry (XRD) analysis, as well as tests with complex-forming agents and under pH-stable conditions were performed aiming to predict stability of the residuals in various environmental conditions. According to the XRD analysis, the minerals fluorapatite and hydroxylapatite were dominant in analyzed samples. The results of total extraction by aqua regia revealed that residuals contain relatively high total concentrations of Hg, Mn, and Zn. Concentrations of heavy metals, leaching to aqueous solution, were compared to leaching limit values (according to EU legislation). The concentrations of available Hg in the waste fluorescent lamp treatment products, according to its solubility in the water, exceed the limit values. The measured water-leachable Hg concentration was 4.88 mg kg(-1), while the value for waste acceptable at hazardous waste landfill sites is 2 mg kg(-1). Concentrations of other measured heavy metals did not exceed the limit values. According to the results, Hg stabilization potential for presented technology exceeds 99%.
Treatment of waste fluorescent lamps, which are widely used all over the world, is a very important field of environmental research. Due to the presence of mercury vapour in these lamps, this kind of waste requires special attention to its disposal. This study aims to evaluate the environmental impact of fluorescent lamps and to describe the principal aspects of new technology used for their treatment in Lithuania.The main parameters in this treatment process are mercury and manganese concentrations in the treatment of residual waste of fluorescent lamps. Mercury concentration in fractionated treatment residuals was determined by complexonometric titration and the manganese concentration was determined by the atomic absorption method. The results, obtained in the study, show manganese and mercury content in fluorescent lamp treatment products and the main physical parameters of these treatment products. This study revealed that concentrations of metallic mercury and water soluble mercury salts in the examined samples are within the permitted limits. Also, this paper presents residuals X-ray analysis results.Results of this study show that the products of waste fluorescent lamps treatment can be treated as environmentally friendly, according to their solubility in water. It gives an opportunity to look for more possibilities of this product's disposal. As the presented treatment technology is relatively new and used to treat only small amounts of waste fluorescent lamps, this technology could be modified for larger productivity. Studies of this technology should go further in the aspects of different ways of treating the disposal of products, development of technology, etc.
This article represents applying of biosorption process for the treatment of wastewater, contaminated with light oil products, SC "Klaipedos nafta", which works in the field of transshipment of oil and its products in Lithuania, has installed biosorbers for the treatment of ballast and bilge water from the vessels, Biosorption process is sustained by integrated running of the Granulated Activated Carbon (GAC) and the active branches of particular microorganisms, This wastewater treatment method is preeminent for treatment of this kind of wastewater, comparing with the treatment efficiency of other methods, Wastewater is pumped into biosorbers after flotation and remaining concentration of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH) varies about 2 mg/L At the very beginning of the biosorbers operation wastewater treatment efficiency of 0.2 mg/I was reached, For the process control main parameters are being analyzed: sorption capacity of the activated carbon, biomass amount and enzymatic activity of the microorganisms. Interdependence of the values of these parameters and treatment efficiency according to TPH is being established, Obtained results support the theory of biosorption process and the process workability for the treatment of wastewater, polluted with light oil products, In this article there are given principle technological solutions and parameters of the biosorbers in SC "Klaipedos nafta", KEYWORDSBiosorption application; Petroleum hydrocarbons treatment; Ballast and bilge waste water treatment; Wastewater treatment efficiency 289 https://doi.
Vis dažniau iškylantys ekologijos ir gamtos saugojimo iššūkiai skatina mąstyti apie darnų vystymąsi. Vadovėlį parengę mokslininkai teigia, kad pagrindinė darnaus vystymosi idėja – suvokti, kaip žmonija turi gyventi tenkindama savuosius poreikius ir turėdama itin ribotus išteklius. Leidinio autoriai – skirtingų mokslo krypčių atstovai, todėl darnaus vystymosi ir šiai sričiai artimų temų problematika apžvelgiama iš skirtingų socialinių, ekonominių, inžinerinių ir kitų mokslo sričių perspektyvų. Leidinyje plačiai aptariamas išteklių valdymas, jų analizė, keliamas svarbiausias klausimas – kaip žmonės turėtų prisitaikyti prie šios planetos išteklių ribotumo? Išsamioje teorinėje vadovėlio dalyje skaitytojas supažindinamas su darniu vystymusi, šios šakos raida ir svarbiausiais komponentais. Kituose skyriuose darnaus vystymosi komponentai nagrinėjami detaliau: aptariamas socialinės gerovės ir laimės suvokimas, žiedinės ekonomikos pavyzdžiai ir svarba, klimato kaita, skaitmeninės kultūros įtaka. Skyrių pabaigoje pateikti klausimai leis įtvirtinti sukauptas žinias ir ugdytis esmines darnaus vystymosi kompetencijas: sisteminį mąstymą, numatymą, normatyvinę kompetenciją, strateginę kompetenciją, bendradarbiavimą, kritinį mąstymą, savivoką ir integruotą problemų sprendimo kompetenciją. Vadovėlis skirtas plačiam skaitytojų ratui, siekiančiam įgyti globalų, kritišką ir refleksyvų sąmoningumą, socialinio, ekonominio, kultūrinio ir aplinkos konteksto suvokimą, etinę poziciją, paremtą darnaus vystymosi principais.
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