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Purpose This paper aims to provide a bibliometric meta-analysis of the already substantial and growing literature on international franchising. Franchising is a model for businesses to achieve scale with limited resources. International franchising is a mode of entry that allows firms to develop new markets with relatively little risk but also little control. Design/methodology/approach Using a systematic approach, the paper identifies all articles in the ISI Web of Science from 1970 to 2018 that includes the term international franchising (in the title, the abstract or keywords) and finds 131 articles. This paper used HistCite software to analyze the bibliometric data. Findings Four major research clusters in the international franchising literature are identified. In addition, this study shows a change in research patterns regarding topics, theories and methodologies from the 1970s through 2018. The paper presents the most influential articles, authors and journals. Originality/value From the analyzes, this study develops a conceptual framework of international franchising and suggest avenues for future research.

Research Question/Issue: A significant part of the world's economy is controlled by state-owned enterprises, and there is a lack of research on how the interplay between politics and business plays out in the boardroom. We address this issue by analyzing boardrooms' decision outcomes as they relate to the role of boardroom power distribution, members' motivation, and decision-making approach.Research Findings/Insights: On the basis of information from a sample of 22 stateowned Indonesian enterprises, we found that a decision outcome in a boardroom is influenced by three factors: the motivation and decision-making approach of individual board members and the distribution of power in the boardroom. We also found that, in several cases, board members are powerless decision makers, as the decision-making process in the boardroom is controlled by the government and politicians.Theoretical/Academic Implications: This study contributes to the understanding of the inner working processes in emerging-market boardrooms, and we build a theorydriven typology of boards' decision outcomes.Practitioner/Policy Implications: This paper highlights the nature of political interactions within the boards of state-owned enterprises, and we recommend that state-owned enterprises seek board members who are knowledgeable and rationally motivated, as well as seek a (more) equal power distribution among board members.Politicking and political interference can lower the quality of boards' decisions.