The people of Tengger, Indonesia have used plants as traditional medicine for a long time. However, this local knowledge has not been well documented until recently. Our study aims to understand the utilization of plants in traditional medicine by the people of Tengger, who inhabit the Ngadisari village, Sukapura District, Probolinggo Regency, Indonesia. We conducted semi-structured and structured interviews with a total of 52 informants that represented 10% of the total family units in the village. The parameters observed in this study include species use value (SUV), family use value (FUV), plant part use (PPU), and the relative frequency of citation that was calculated based on fidelity level (FL). We successfully identified 30 species belonging to 28 genera and 20 families that have been used as a traditional medicine to treat 20 diseases. We clustered all the diseases into seven distinct categories. Among the recorded plant families, Poaceae and Zingiberaceae were the most abundant. Plant species within those families were used to treat internal medical diseases, respiratory-nose, ear, oral/dental, and throat problems. The plant species with the highest SUV was Foeniculum vulgare Mill. (1.01), whereas the Aloaceae family (0.86) had the highest FUV. Acorus calamus L. (80%) had the highest FL percentage. The leaves were identified as the most used plant part and decoction was the dominant mode of a medicinal preparation. Out of the plants and their uses documented in our study, 26.7% of the medicinal plants and 71.8% of the uses were novel. In conclusion, the diversity of medicinal plant uses in the Ngadisari village could contribute to the development of new plant-based drugs and improve the collective revenue of the local society.

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Lemon is a fruit that is rich in vitamin C. The processing of lemon as an infused water is one way to get optimal benefits from lemon. Lemon infused water is treated by soaking it in water for several hours. The temperature and soaking time are thought to influence the physical and chemical characteristics of lemon infused water. This study aims to determine the level of turbidity, vitamin C and antioxidant activity of lemon infused water. This study used a completely randomized design of two factors, with two differences in temperature (refrigerator temperature and room temperature) and five differences in soaking time (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 hours) and then analyzed turbidity levels, vitamin C levels and antioxidant activity. Observation data were analyzed using Two Way Anova. The results showed turbidity, vitamin C, and antioxidant activity at room temperature were higher than the refrigerator temperature and the longer soaking the turbidity level, vitamin C, and antioxidant activity were also as high as possible. The results of the analysis of variance showed that there were effects of temperature and soaking time on the level of turbidity and vitamin C of lemon infused water but there was no effect of soaking time on antioxidant activity. Soaking time at room temperature for 1 hour or at refrigerator temperature for 4 hours is the best time to get optimum vitamin C and antioxidant activity.

Dekomposisi serasah merupakan proses yang sangat penting dalam dinamika hara pada suatu ekosistem. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui laju dekomposisi serasah pada hutan pinus di kawasan Wisata Taman Safari Indonesia II, Prigen Jawa Timur. Penanaman sampel serasah menggunakan Litterbag berdasarkan kecenderungan curah hujan. Periode I curah hujan cenderung tinggi dan Periode II cenderung rendah. Faktor lingkungan yang diukur meliputi faktor abiotik (suhu tanah, curah hujan) dan faktor kimia (kandungan lignin). Analisa data dengan uji statistik yaitu korelasi Pearson. Laju dekomposisi tertinggi terjadi pada periode I dengan kondisi curah hujan yang cenderung tinggi dibandingkan dengan periode II yang curah hujannya cenderung rendah. Berdasarkan uji yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa laju dekomposisi serasah pada hutan dominan pinus lebih dipengaruhi curah hujan (p= 0.749) dibandingkan dengan suhu (p= 0.506) dan kandungan lignin.

Taman Kehati Wonosalam yang terletak di Desa Sumberjo, Kecamatan Wonosalam, Kabupaten Jombang memiliki fungsi sebagai kawasan pencadangan sumber daya alam hayati lokal di luar kawasan hutan yang mempunyai fungsi konservasi in-situ dan/atau ex-situ; juga sebagai lokasi taman wisata edukasi khususnya bagi siswa-siswa sekolah dasar dan menengah. Masyarakat lokal yang tergabung dalam PokMas Kehati Jombang telah berperan sebagai pemandu wisata namun masih memiliki pengetahuan minimal terkait keanekaragaman koleksi tumbuhan serta potensi Taman Kehati sebagai kantong biodiversitas bagi fauna yang berhabitat di Taman Kehati tersebut. Oleh karena itu, dilaksanakan suatu pelatihan bagi anggota PokMas Kehati Jombang yang berfokus pada nilai penting, peran dan manfaat koleksi tumbuhan di Taman Kehati serta status keanekaragaman fauna di dalamnya. Tujuan akhir dari pelatihan adalah peningkatan kapabilitas pemandu wisata lokal. Pelatihan berlangsung selama 2 hari dan dapat berlangsung dengan lancar. Materi yang disampaikan kepada peserta adalah: 1), landasan hukum, tujuan dan sejarah pembentukan Taman Kehati Wonosalam; 2), status dan kondisi keanekaragaman flora koleksi dan fauna yang berhabitat di Taman Kehati Wonosalam; 3), latihan teknis pengamatan flora dan fauna; serta 4), game sederhana untuk membantu pengenalan spesies dan manfaat flora dan fauna. Hasil analisis kuesioner pasca pelatihan menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan tersebut dapat memberikan wawasan dan pengetahuan lebih mengenai kondisi umum serta status kondisi keanekaragaman flora dan fauna di Taman Kehati Wonosalam; yang mana akan sangat bermanfaat untuk menunjang peran sebagai pemandu wisata lokal, khusunya bagi siswa sekolah dasar dan menengah.