Formation of the high-T
c phase in the (Bi, Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O system was studied using specimens with various Bi/Pb ratios. The synthesis temperature was suppressed as the Pb/(Pb+Bi) was increased. The lattice constant of the c axis of the low-T
c phase (T
c∼80 K) and high-T
c phase (T
c∼105 K) increased with increasing Pb content. Substitution of 30% Pb for Bi was found to be most preferential for the formation of the high-T
c phase.
In order to investigate microstructural variation by 2-1-1 addition in partially melted Y–Ba–Cu–O, a specimen resulting from 2-1-1 added to 1-2-3 was heat-treated through the peritectic temperature. Microstructure was observed on the directionally solidified region near the interface of the two samples. The 2-1-1 addition results in a homogeneous microstructure where no remnant liquid phase is present. It reduced the 1-2-3 plate thickness, as well as suppressed the formation of microcracks due to the tetragonal-to-orthorhombic phase transition or the thermal contraction during cooling from the peritectic temperature. The formation of microcracks induced by the phase transition seems to be closely related to the process of oxygen diffusion into a sample. We discuss the formation of microcracks in terms of the oxygen diffusion along the plate boundaries and of the thickness of 1-2-3 plates. The decrease in the plate thickness and the fine dispersion of 2-1-1 particles contribute suppression of the formation of microcracks and their propagation.
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