This cross sectional descriptive study was conducted to observe the quality of Pharmacology professional written question papers of Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), University of Chittagong (CU), University of Dhaka (DU), Rajshahi University (RU) and Shahjalal University of Science & Technology (SUST).For this purpose total 82 SAQ papers of five universities dated from January 2007 to July 2015 were reviewed. Question papers were reviewed to find out the coverage of recall, understanding and problem solving type questions, content coverage and presence of marking scheme in SAQ papers.Mean percentage of recall, understanding and problem questions were 54.3%, 44% and 01.7% respectively in SAQ papers. Mean of the recall questions of SUST statistically significantly differed from curriculum standard 60%. Other universities had no significant differences with the standard. Mean of the understanding questions of all the universities statistically significantly differed from curriculum standard 30% except BUP. There was statistically significant difference between mean of the problem solving questions of all the universities and curriculum standard 10% .Most of the SAQ papers (62%) were without problem based questions. No question paper was found having different types question as per curriculum standard.Total 15(18.3%) SAQ papers contained 100 % topics (all the 11 groups). Thirty nine (47.6) contained 10 groups and 22% contained 9 groups out of 11. Twelve percent SAQ papers contained less 80% topics Total 29 (35.4%) SAQ papers of all the universities showed marking scheme on the questions papers, rest 64.6% were devoid of it. Maximum 87.5% SAQ papers of RU had marking scheme.Findings of this study may be used to redefine the distribution of different types question in SAQ papers and to improve the quality of question papers by ensuring their coverage.
Rationale:The intern year is the first level of hands-on training in dentistry and is an essential step in every dental surgeon's career. Opportunity to apply, consolidate and expand one's clinical knowledge, skills and also progressively increase one's responsibility for providing safe, high-quality patient care. Opportunity to develop overall patient management skill especially for the general dental practitioner. The intern year should provide a balance between education, training and clinical responsibility, enabling interns to develop the professional and personal competencies that result in good patient care and provide a foundation for lifelong learning.Objectives: The present study was undertaken to identify the Competency based internship training programme in undergraduate dental education in Bangladesh: Clinical teachers and intern doctors' perception Methods: This descriptive type of cross sectional study was conducted in six public and private dental colleges of Bangladesh. A semi-structured questionnaire based on 5-point Likert scale was used to collect the clinical teachers and inter doctors' perceptions. The semi-structured questionnaire was prepared on the basis of logbook based internship training programme. Before administering the questionnaires to the respondents the investigator gave them an introductory idea about the purpose of the research.Results: competencies acquired by the intern doctors were satisfactory but some problematic areas such as less duration of training period, no community placement, availability of training aid, lack of supervision as well as feedback etc were highlighted which interfered in achieving their satisfaction on their competencies. Conclusion:To ensure excellence in all aspects of internship training programme, it can be concluded that intern doctors must need to acquire sufficient competencies in most of the clinical areas for their daily practice. There are many areas for further improvement through evaluating and developing the internship training programme as well as the logbook and strengthening the clinical environment in the institutes. the general dentist can self-evaluate treatment effectiveness. Competency based internship training IntroductionIn competency-based dental education, what students learn Competence assumes that all behaviors are performed with a is based upon clearly articulated competencies and further degree of quality consistent with patient well-being and that assumes that all behaviors/abilities are by foundation knowledge and psychomotor skills in biomedical, behavioral, ethical, clinical dental science, and informatics areas that are essential for independent and unsupervised performance as an entry-level general dentist. In creating curricula, dental faculty must consider the competencies to be developed through the educational process, the learning experiences that will lead to the development of these competencies, and ways to assess or measure the attainment 1 of competencies . Professional ethics in dentistry is one of the b...
Background: Curriculum planning and designing is not a static process, rather a continuous process done regularly through a system. More than one decade have elapsed since the Centre for Medical Education (CME), in 1988, developed a national Undergraduate Dental Curriculum which was supposed to be community-oriented and competency based. The curriculum was partially implemented with the advancement of dental health science and application of newer techniques in dental practices in developed and developing countries.Rationale: A healthcare curriculum must be up-to-date, fit for purpose and relevant to the population it serves wherever that population might be, worldwide. It needs to assess the general and dental health needs of our local population and to propose a set of core skills of the dentists will need on graduation and in the future. The Health Science including Oro-dental science is changing with the advancement of health science, educational science & applied technology. Global changes are happening in health science and dental education in accordance and conformity of these advancements and changes. With the application of these knowledge and skills of dental science, future dentists should satisfy their patients with the changing needs of the community. The need to develop a community-oriented and competency-based curriculum was felt by all concerned.Objectives: The present study was undertaken to identify the Opinion of Bangladeshi teachers and undergraduate clinical students regarding the course duration of BDS curriculum.Methods: This descriptive type of cross sectional study was conducted in seven public and private dental colleges of Bangladesh after getting written permission from the principal of the respective dental colleges. Voluntary participation of the students was ensured and the names of the students' as well as teachers were kept confidential. The teachers and students of final years from the different dental colleges were the study population; among them four hundred (400) students and one hundred twenty teachers (120) were taken as sample by convenient sampling. Data collection instrument was a semistructured questionnaire with 5-point Likert scale for final year students' and in depth interview was used for teachers. Results:The study revealed that the 98% teachers mentioned that the course duration (4 years) in comparison to number of subjects and contents was not adequate and 98% teachers' opinion was that the total course duration should be 5 years. Nearly 75% of students mentioned that the total course duration should be 5 years. Conclusion:In this study, the students reported that they have acquired greater practical and clinical experiences in few areas from the curriculum of BDS course. The majority of the students were not satisfied on their acquired competencies in most of the areas after their graduation. This was due to shortage of course duration in comparison to number of subjects and contents, improper distributions of the subjects, inadequate duration of commu...
Background: Cervical cancer remains a major public health problem worldwide – particularly in less developed countries. Around 85% of their new cases and 86% of deaths occur in less development countries (IARC, 2012). In Bangladesh, Cervical cancer is the second most common disease among female with an estimated 11,956 new cases and 6,582 deaths in 2012. Objectives: The present study was undertaken to identify the Effects of Human Papillomavirus infection with Pre-invasive cervical lesions in Bangladesh. Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out at the colposcopy clinic of Gynaecology and Obstetrics department of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University during the study period January 2015 - December 2015. A total of 65 consecutive women with VIA +ve cases of all three grades of CIN (CIN I, CIN II, CIN III) were enrolled in this study. Women having invasive cervical disease and women who not interested were excluded from this study. Results: More than one third (35.3%) patients were in 3rd decade. More than one third (35.4%) patients had normal colposcopic findings followed by 23(35.4%) was CIN I, 11(16.9%) was CIN II and 8(12.3%) was CIN III. Majority (42.6%) patients was found CIN I, 11(26.1%) was CIN II, 8(19.4%) was CIN III and 5(11.9%) had normal in Histopathology. CIN I histopathological finding was found 18 cases, among them 8(44.4%) in positive HC-2/Viral load/ RLU index. In multivariate analysis CIN III was significantly increased 1.34 times in HC-2/Viral load/RLU index positive (human Papillomavirus) cases (95% CI 0.22 – 8.9%, <0.05). Validity test of benign HPV DNA test of the study women showed that HPV DNA had sensitivity 51.4%, specificity 92.9%, accuracy 69.2%, positive predictive values 90.5% and negative predictive values 59.1%. Benign Colposcopic finding had had sensitivity 86.5%, specificity 64.3%, accuracy 76.9%, positive predictive values 76.2% and negative predictive values 78.3%. CIN III significantly 1.34 times increased HC-2/Viral load/ RLU index positive (human Papillomavirus) in multivariate analysis. Conclusion: From the findings of the study it was observed that colposcopy had a high sensitivity and optimum specificity; HPV DNA test had lower sensitivity and higher specificity. Colposcopic findings were closely associated with Histopathology, where the validity test was high when compared to HPV DNA test. So it can be concluded that the Colposcopy is a useful screening test for detection of cervical lesions and Human Papillomavirus is associated with pre-invasive cervical lessons. So the HPV DNA test can be used as a co-test with Colposcopy for screening of cervical lesions. Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2018; Vol. 33(1) : 5-10
This cross sectional descriptive study was conducted among the health policy makers, health administrators, doctors including medical teachers, intern doctors, clinically exposed medical students and patients. The study was conducted at st th government and non government medical colleges of Dhaka and outside Dhaka from 1 July 2014 to 30 June 2015.Total respondents were 372 and information was collected through in-depth interview schedule and self administered semi structured questionnaire. The qualitative information was collected from health policy makers including administrators by in-depth interview which was complimentary to the findings obtained by self administered semi structured questionnaire. Out of 372 respondents 280 (75.3%) and 92 (24.7%) were engaged in government and non-government hospitals/ organizations respectively.Among the respondents 164 (44.1%) agreed and 98 (26.3%) strongly agreed that introduction of licensing examination for the medical and dental practitioners are justified in the present context of Bangladesh. Of the total, 294 (79%) agreed and 40 (10.8%) strongly agreed that licensing examination shall be useful for individual professional development and also agreed that this will help in overall professional development, shall improvement of professional competency and shall enrich doctors with updated professional knowledge.Majority of the respondents (70.6%) mentioned that doctors may not be interested. Of the same respondents 99.1% opined that the registration shall be on the basis of degree or the examination shall only be for person graduated from abroad or foreigner graduates. About 73% respondents were in agreement with 5 years validity period for an examination. Of the total 84.4% respondents agreed that the examination will improvement of standard of medical and dental education offered by all medical and dental colleges of Bangladesh.There are many direct and indirect benefits of introducing licensing examination for the registration of medical and dental graduates/practitioners and there are a few barriers to implement that too.
Background: Bachelor of dental surgery course curricula need to be constantly analyzed and evaluated in order to offer dental courses in accordance with current technical innovations of dentistry as well as the demands of community oral health. Under the assumption that it is important to comprehend some students' perceptions, the present study aims to analyze students' perceptions regarding dental courses, embracing the academic environment, and describe the current scientific published literature about this research object. Specifically, it aims to access and synthesize the scientific knowledge involving students' perceptions regarding dental courses, by means of constructing thematic categories classifying its levels of evidences. Objectives: The present study was undertaken to identify the teachers and students perception about the present status of undergraduate dental curriculum in Bangladesh.Methods: This descriptive type of cross sectional study was conducted in seven public and private dental colleges of Bangladesh after getting written permission from the principal of the respective dental colleges. Voluntary participation of the students was ensured and the names of the students' as well as teachers were kept confidential. The teachers and students of final years from the different dental colleges were the study population; among them four hundred (400) students and one hundred twenty teachers (120) were taken as sample by convenient sampling. Data collection instrument was a semistructured questionnaire with 5-point Likert scale with maximum score 5 and minimum score1for final year students' and in depth interview was used for teachers.Results: 87% teachers mentioned that the total hours for practical/clinical classes in individual subject are inadequate. 63 % teachers mentioned that the total hours for lecture classes in individual subject are inadequate. The overall results regarding the competency acquired by the newly passed dental graduate from the BDS course was satisfactory but some problematic areas were highlighted which interfered in achieving their satisfaction on their competencies Conclusion:In this study, the students reported that they have acquired greater practical and clinical experiences in few areas from the curriculum of BDS course. The majority of the students were not satisfied on their acquired competencies in most of the areas after their graduation. This was due to shortage of course duration in comparison to number of subjects and contents, improper distributions of the subjects, inadequate duration of community placement, less allocation of hours in practical and clinical classes etc. According to their opinion, lack of supervision and feedback in the clinical class, improper method of clinical assessment system of the students in all level are the responsible factors so that the students were not satisfied with the overall undergraduate BDS curriculum.
Rationale:The intern year is the first level of hands-on training in dentistry and is an essential step in every dental surgeon's career. Opportunity to apply, consolidate and expand one's clinical knowledge, skills and also progressively increase one's responsibility for providing safe, high-quality patient care. Opportunity to develop overall patient management skill especially for the general dental practitioner. The intern year should provide a balance between education, training and clinical responsibility, enabling interns to develop the professional and personal competencies that result in good patient care and provide a foundation for lifelong learning.Objectives: The present study was undertaken to identify the clinical teachers and intern doctors' perception about the effectiveness of ongoing internship programme in undergraduate dental education in Bangladesh.Methods: This descriptive type of cross sectional study was conducted in six public and private dental colleges of Bangladesh. A semi-structured questionnaire based on 5-point Likert scale was used to collect the clinical teachers and intern doctors perceptions. The semi-structured questionnaire was prepared on the basis of logbook based internship training programme. Before administering the questionnaires to the respondents the investigator gave them an introductory idea about the purpose of the research. Results:The study revealed that the majority of the clinical teachers 97.4% mentioned that the duration of internship training programme (one year) is not adequate and according to 94.9% teachers' opinion the duration of internship training programme should be 2 years. On the other hand 87.4% intern doctors mentioned that the duration of internship training programme (one year) is not adequate 94.6% intern doctors mentioned that the duration of internship training programme should be two. Majority 55 % of the teachers mentioned that the training environment was almost supportive. Majority of the intern doctors mentioned that the environment was supportive to ensure adequate patients service. Conclusion:To ensure excellence in all aspects of internship training programme, it can be concluded that intern doctors must need to acquire sufficient competencies in most of the clinical areas for their daily practice. There are many areas for further improvement through evaluating and developing the internship training programme as well as the logbook and strengthening the clinical environment in the institutes.
Background: Curriculum planning and designing is not a static process, rather a continuous process done regularly through a system. More than one decade have elapsed since the Centre for Medical Education (CME), in 1988, developed a national Undergraduate Dental Curriculum which was supposed to be community-oriented and competency based. The curriculum was partially implemented with the advancement of dental health science and application of newer techniques in dental practices in developed and developing countries. Rationale: Competency is the ability to combine evidence based knowledge, personal attitudes, and clinical skills to undertake holistic dental care. Personal attributes may include creativity, ethics, aesthetics, and critical sense and personal attributes include a desire for patient wellbeing and to self-evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment. As life-long learning becomes a crucial attribute for all modern clinicians, the ability to self-assess performance and identify future learning goals is an essential skill that needs to be developed in a modern healthcare curriculum. Self-assessment, self-reflection and selfregulation can promote a deeper understanding in current knowledge. The essential professional clinical skills may include a) diagnosis and treatment planning b) Preventative measures c) patient treatment and rehabilitation. Other skills that may be essential include professionalism, administrative and promotional skills. It is important that universities and dental schools help students nurture these values from a very early stage. Objectives: The present study was undertaken to identify the teachers and clinical students' perception of the core competencies of different subjects of the undergraduate BDS curriculum. Methods: This descriptive type of cross sectional study was conducted in seven public and private dental colleges of Bangladesh after getting written permission from the principal of the respective dental colleges. Voluntary participation of the students was ensured and the names of the students' as well as teachers were kept confidential. The teachers and students of final years from the different dental colleges were the study population; among them four hundred (400) students and one hundred twenty teachers (120) were taken as sample by convenient sampling. Data collection instrument was a semistructured questionnaire with 5-point Likert scale for final year students' and in depth interview was used for teachers. Results: The study revaled that 95% mentioned that introduction part of the curriculum competency in relation to the knowledge, skills and attitude of a dental graduate must be mentioned. Nearly 97 of the students mentioned that competency acquired by the newly passed dental graduate from the BDS course was satisfactory. Conclusion: Competency-based dental education is a continuous process in maintaining a degree of quality consistent with patient well-being and effective treatment management path, which the graduating dentist should achieve. The cultu...
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