Aim: To assess CML patient's characteristic including demographic, clinical and hematological characteristic of patients with CML including quantitative BCR-ABL and BCR-ABL gene sequencing. Methods: This study was an open-label, single arm, non-randomized, cross sectional study in patients with CML being treated with imatinib mesylate (IM) from 12 centers. Result: A total of 100 patients were evaluated between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2011. The median age was 34-35 years old (mean of age is 36 years old), and more patients in the productive age was found.-(?) were 80 of the 100 patients who had been examined for the BCR-ABL gene mutation with the sequencing method before consuming IM. Mutation in the P-loop was seen in 2,27% (1 out of 44 patients), this finding was beyond our expectation since 47,69% (31 out of 65 patients) of our patients did not achieved CHR at three months. On the other hand, 15,9% (7 out of 44 patients) of our patients had mutation outside the P-loop. Conclusions: The characteristics of CML patients in Indonesia were not different from CML patients in Asia in general. Our finding concerning the high frequency mutation in the BCR-ABL gene outside the P-loop needs further study.

AbstrakPrevalensi anemia pada infeksi human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) cukup tinggi, berkisar antara 1,3% sampai 95% bergantung pada stadium penyakitnya. Anemia, cluster differentiation 4 (CD4), dan viral load (VL) merupakan faktor risiko independen untuk kematian. Indeks massa tubuh (IMT) merupakan faktor risiko yang penting untuk anemia dan progresivitas penyakit. Dilakukan penelitian kohor untuk mengevaluasi respons pengobatan selama follow-up 6 bulan dengan endpoint kematian, serta menghitung peluang kematian penderita acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV-AIDS) berdasarkan gabungan derajat anemia, IMT, dan jumlah CD4. Subjek penelitian adalah penderita HIV-AIDS di klinik Teratai Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin (RSHS) Bandung, periode Januari−Juni 2008, studi kohor dilakukan pada periode Juli−Desember 2008. Tercatat 534 penderita HIV-AIDS yang masuk dalam data di klinik Teratai RSHS, sampai akhir penelitian terdapat 458 penderita yang masih aktif berobat, 38 penderita drop-out, 8 penderita pindah ke tempat lain, dan 28 penderita meninggal. Prevalensi anemia kelompok yang sama pada penelitian sebelumnya yaitu 41,6%. Dalam follow-up selama 6 bulan terdapat 26 kematian pada kelompok anemia dan hanya 2 kematian pada kelompok nonanemia. Gabungan antara derajat anemia sedang-berat, dengan CD4 ≤50/mm 3 , dan IMT <18,5 menunjukkan peluang kematian terbesar, dalam penelitian ini sebesar 80%. Simpulan, faktor risiko yang penting untuk kematian pada penderita HIV-AIDS yaitu jumlah CD4, derajat anemia, dan IMT. [MKB. 2012;44(1):50-6].Kata kunci: Anemia, CD4, indeks massa tubuh Opportunity of Death in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Patients by Combining Degree of Anemia, Body Mass Index, and Cluster Differentiation 4 Count AbstractThe prevalence of anemia in human immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV) infection was quite high, ranging from 1.3 to 95% depending on the stadium of HIV infection. Anemia, cluster differentiation 4 (CD4), and viral load were known as the independent risk factors for death. Body mass index (BMI) is an important risk factor for anemia and progression of the HIV infection. A cohort study had been conducted to evaluate the response of therapy, and deaths as the end point, and to calculate the opportunity of death by combining the degree of anemia, BMI, and CD4 in HIV-AIDS patients. The subjects were patients in Teratai Clinic Dr. Hasan Sadikin General HospitalBandung from January to June 2008. During 6 months of follow-up from July−December 2008, there were 534 patients in the database of Teratai Clinic, with only 458 continuing the therapy, thirty eight patients were dropped-out, eight patients moved to other hospital and 28 patients died. The prevalence of anemia from previous study of those 534 patients was 41.6%. After 6 months of follow-up, there were 26 deaths among anemic patients and 2 deaths in non-anemic patients. The combination of moderate-severe anemia, CD4 ≤50/mm 3 and BMI <18.5 showing the highest opportunity of death in this study was 80%. In conclusion...

A prospective randomized international study of 143 patients showed no apparent early survival advantage conferred by combining cytarabine, rather than hydroxyurea, with INF as first-line CML therapy. Combinations of alpha-interferon (INF) and chemotherapeutic agents are currently first-line therapy for the majority of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). The International Oncology Study Group conducted a prospective randomized study comparing INF combined with hydroxyurea or cytarabine. The primary study aim was to compare the survival durations in these patient cohorts. Patients with early chronic phase CML were randomized to receive INF 5 million units (Mu) given five times per week subcutaneously plus hydroxyurea or cytarabine as required to achieve a complete hematologic response and to maintain a WBC count between 2x10(9)/L and 10x10(9)/L and a platelet count between 75x10(9)/L and 100x10(9)/L. Therapy continued as tolerated unless progressive or blast phase disease occurred. At 36 months, the actuarial survival rate was equivalent in both groups: HI group (79 patients) survival was 85% (95% CI, 68-100%), as compared to 95% (95% CI, 79-100%) in the CI group (64 patients). In conclusion if seems that there is no apparent early survival advantage conferred by combining cytarabine, rather than hydroxyurea, with INF as first-line CML therapy.

AbstrakVascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) merupakan faktor angiogenik yang berperan dalam angiogenesis tumor. Tissue factor (TF) merupakan inisiator utama pembekuan darah dan merangsang protein yang mengatur angiogenesis. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui perbedaan ekspresi VEGF dengan ekspresi TF pada penderita KNF stadium lanjut berdasarkan respons terapi kemoradiasi. Dilakukan penelitian kohort prospektif pada penderita KNF stadium III, IVa, dan IVb berdasarkan AJCC edisi ke-7 tahun 2010. Ekspresi TF dan VEGF diperiksa dengan imunohistokimia dan respons kemoradioterapi dievaluasi dengan memakai Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours (RECIST) revisi versi 1.1 tahun 2009. Analisis statistik yang digunakan adalah Uji eksak Fisher.Selama penelitian Oktober 2012-Oktober 2013 didapatkan 35 penderita KNF yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan 5 orang dikeluarkan dari penelitian. Pada kelompok respons didapatkan 17 dari 23 penderita ekspresi VEGF ≥ 25%; 6 dari 23 penderita ekspresi VEGF <25%; 16 dari 23 penderita ekspresi TF ≥ 33%; 7 dari 23 penderita ekspresi TF <33% (p=1,000) serta pada kelompok tidak respons 5 dari 27 penderita ekspresi VEGF ≥25%; 2 dari 7 penderita ekspresi VEGF <25%; 4 dari 7 penderita ekspresi TF ≥ 33%; 3 dari 7 penderita ekspresi TF <33% (p=0,657). Simpulan, tidak terdapat perbedaan ekspresi VEGF dengan ekspresi TF pada penderita KNF stadium lanjut berdasarkan respons terapi kemoradiasi. [MKB. 2015;47 (1)

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