Di dalam tradisi pesantren pola interaksi antara kyai dan santri sangat sakral. Budaya patuh dan takzim di lingkungan pesantren secara otomatis melekat kepada setiap santri. Bagi santri sikap patuh tersebut merupakan penghormatan untuk memperoleh berkah dari ulama. Tulisan ini bertujuan mengupas pergeseran paradigma santri dalam menentukan pilihan politik dalam proses pemilu. Hasil penelitian menujukkan terjadi pergeseran paradigma yang dahulu sangat bergantung kepada wasilah kini lebih terbuka secara personal. Pengetahuan santri tentang ilmu politik yang baik dan kepedulian tentang politik menjadi faktor utama untuk dapat merumuskan pilihan politik pribadi tanpa ada intervensi dari pihak pesantren.
The article is focused on explaining how institutionalization of political parties in Indonesia after the collapse of New Order regimes and how it affects democratization in Indonesia. It is considered important since Soeharto’s regime rose to power, political parties are being forced to limit their ideal function/ In this article, the writers concludes that political parties in Indonesia after the authoritarianism regime, have not been institutionalized and are even far from it if compared to the magnitude level its current problem. Political parties are trapped on long term internal conflict of interest, drained their energy and still continued until now. Moreover, the depth oligarchies pattern in its management is worsened by personalized figure and the dominance of party’s management from the central, forced us into the conclusion that political party are just the sub-ordinates of elite’s interest. The result, political parties are simply failed to play important role in supporting consolidated democracy, since they are busy and distracted by their own internal problems. That’s why, when will Indonesia rise into transition phase in democracy is still questionable, especially if the question is solely based on institutionalization of political parties.
This worksheet will look at how the impact of climate change does on the labor market and the rural worker mobility. The question departs from the lack of academic debate about the relationship between climate change and the labor market, and the rural worker mobility. The main stream, which has so far discussed the labor market and the rural worker mobility, has focused more in the aspect of access to ownership of production facilities in the rural area. The argument is that the mobility of the community from the rural area to the urban area is due to problems in the rural area where the community does not have sufficient production facilities, in this case the ownership of adequate production facilities. This argument is not entirely wrong, but needs to be discussed further. This worksheet would like to show if there are other aspects in the village besides the issue of access to production facilities. This article sees that the labor market and the rural worker mobility from rural areas to urban areas are also driven by climate change.
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