The paper deals with the peculiarities of translation of the German archaisms taught at the translation practice lessons with university students-linguists trained as interpreters and translators. The study is relevant, since the process of archaization is the vivid evidence of the language dynamism, and the analysis of this phenomenon in different languages will help students to identify the peculiarities of archaic words functioning in the language and to avoid translation errors in the future. Archaisms and obsolete vocabulary in general are the valuable material not only in terms of linguistic heritage, but also in terms of language learning. Despite the fact that archaic words are rarely used in modern speech, their role is important. First of all, learning these units allows identifying the features of the national worldview, cultural identity and uniqueness of people. Secondly, archaisms carry a large amount of historical information, and thirdly, when studying archaisms, we enrich both our passive and active vocabulary, our oral and written speech. Learning archaisms at the lessons helps students to identify and interpret them appropriately. The aim of the paper is to study the features of archaisms in the German language and to analyze the ways of formation skills necessary for translation of this lexical phenomenon into Russian. The authors applied such research methods as descriptive, continuous sampling method and method of comparative analysis. Material for the study was selected from the etymological dictionaries and other lexicographical sources (electronic resource "Kunstworte", online dictionaries of the archaic words of the Russian and German languages). The analysis of obsolete vocabulary revealed changes on the phonetic and morphological levels in both languages. Among the thematic groups of archaisms there are groups with the names of professions and names of abstract notions. In the German language historisms are considered to be a type of archaisms. As a result of the study, the authors compiled a set of exercises and tasks, on the basis of factual material, aimed at the developing translation skills in students trained as translators and interpreters.
The purpose of the article is to study the ways of translating realia in fiction by the example of Veronica Roth’s work “Diver-gent”. The authors analyze the realia of the novel selected by the method of random sampling, as well as the ways of their translation. Basing on this analysis, an attempt is made to determine the most successful variant of the translation of each piece of realia under consideration. In addition, the paper presents the results of the statistical analysis of the frequency of using one or another way of translating realia.
The paper deals with the English and German non-equivalent vocabulary taught at the translation practice lessons and the English and German language lessons with university students trained as interpreters and translators. The main aim of intercultural communication is the achievement of mutual understanding between representatives of different cultures. Of particular interest is non-equivalent vocabulary, the translation of which may cause difficulties due to the lack of certain concepts, traditions and phenomena in another culture. Non-equivalent vocabulary can be found in media texts often used as a material in translator training. In the context of foreign languages teaching, non-equivalent units and false equivalents are elements that prevent full understanding of the text, as well as the subtext, and lead to mistakes among students. This situation has educational value, drawing students' attention to the historical and cultural characteristics of the target language country. Learning non-equivalent words at the translation practice lessons and the English and German language lessons helps students to identify these units and interpret them correctly. The aim of the paper is to analyze the ways of translating the English and German nonequivalent vocabulary used in media texts into Russian. The authors applied such research methods as descriptive, continuous sampling method and method of contextual analysis. Material for the study was selected from the articles of the German and British media sources, such as Focus online, Der Spiegel, Deutsche Welle, BBC and the Guardian. The analysis showed that the most recurrent types of the English and German non-equivalent words are toponyms, anthroponyms and realia. The main techniques applied to translate the English and German non-equivalent vocabulary under analysis into Russian are transcription, transliteration, calque and half-calque translation.
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