No abstract

ABSTRACT. Leishmaniasis is an endemic disease present in 98 countries. In Brazil, the northeast region accounts for approximately half of the cases in humans, and has experienced an increased number of positive cases in dogs. In this study, we investigated the epidemiology of canine leishmaniasis in the city of Ilhéus, Bahia, using serological and molecular techniques and evaluated the possible environmental risk factors and associated clinical signs. Blood samples were collected from 560 dogs in urban and peri-urban areas in Ilhéus, northeastern Brazil. Genomic DNA was extracted from the selected animals and 12063 Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis in dogs ©FUNPEC-RP www.funpecrp.com.br Genetics and Molecular Research 14 (4): 12062-12073 (2015) subjected to molecular analysis using Leishmania species-specific primers and diagnosis of Trypanosoma cruzi. A total of 54.72% of dogs were positive for Leishmania braziliensis, and animals positive for both Leishmania infantum and T. cruzi were not identified. Hematologic variables were not statistically associated with cases of L. braziliensis. However, the positive animal group showed lower red blood cell and platelet counts and higher levels of urea and serum creatinine. Few dogs presented clinical signs compatible with the presence of Leishmania. Age of more than 2 years and specific hair colors were associated with positive results for L. braziliensis. The geoclimatic characteristics of the region may improve parasite survival, reproduction, and vectors. This may explain the higher rate of dogs identified as positive in this study.

No abstract

Acute infection by Toxoplasma gondii leads to suppression of cell-mediated immunity, facilitating chronic infection. One of the causes of immunosuppression is Interleukin-10 (IL-10) production. Glucan is used to stimulate phagocytosis. Our objective was to study IL-10 induction in male BALB/c mice with acute T. gondii BTU-2 strain infection, glucan immunostimulation, and sulfadiazine treatment. Animals were distributed into 7 groups: G1: infected with T. gondii; G2: infected with T. gondii and treated with sulfadiazine; G3: infected with T. gondii and immunostimulated with glucan; G4: infected with T. gondii, immunostimulated with glucan, and treated with sulfadiazine; G5: imunostimulated with glucan; G6: treated with saline; and G7: treated with sulfadiazine. IL-10 levels were determined by ELISA; the highest levels were found in G2, G3 and G4, and the lowest in G1 (p<0.001). Groups G1 to G5 and G7 had substantially higher levels than G6 (p<0.001). In this study, the highest IL-10 levels were found in groups treated with glucan

O objetivo deste artigo é compreender a educação inclusiva e a concepção de Freire, Rancière e Jacotot na construção das práticas  emocráticas, que nos propõe, uma filosofia de educação capaz de nos orientar a uma crítica do princípio igualitário, tendo como  bjetivo compreender a construção das práticas democráticas na educação inclusiva, enquanto o pensamento de Rancière é uma  oncepção sobre o ato de educar, a compreensão do conceito de inteligência e para Rancière se apoia na experiência pedagógica de  oseph Jacotot. É em sua facilidade histórica e empírica que ele encontra elementos para desenvolver uma reflexão sobre a educação  ue ao fundamentar-se no princípio igualitário pode propor tanto uma nova pedagogia de ensino, como também uma ideia  ormativa  enovada para a compreensão do que entender por uma educação inclusiva bem-sucedida.

O objetivo desse artigo é refletir sobre as diferentes facetas da vulnerabilidade na velhice e discutir os tipos de intervenção que  odem ser mobilizados para prevenir, minimizar e ou postergar o efeito dos eventos que implicam em maior vulnerabilidade no final na vida. Para isso, serão abordados a conjuntura problematizada de Paulo Freire e o panorama da educação permanente sobre as condições de vida e saúde da população idosa brasileira, e posteriormente os estudos no campo da Gerontologia que atuaram sobre diferentes  spectos da vulnerabilidade na velhice.