This study investigated the effects of sex, gender roles, and personality (self-monitoring, self-efficacy, and dominance) on leader emergence in Turkish university students. Two hundred and nineteen business students filled in personality and gender role inventories, and 60 of them were selected by personality and sex to join in a 4-person leaderless group discussion involving a gender-neutral task. At the completion of the sessions, they evaluated each other on leadership perception and preferences. Results showed that the only personality trait predicting leader emergence in Turkish students was self-monitoring. Differing from studies conducted in Western cultures, dominance, self-efficacy, sex, and gender role orientation were not found to predict emergent group leaders. This difference is explained within the context of Turkey's feminine and collectivist cultural characteristics. The study supports the idea that North American research findings on group leadership perceptions should be tested in other cultures. This issue is especially important for global organizations functioning worldwide.

This study introduces the psychometric qualities of the Job Stressor Appraisal Scale (JSAS), a part of the Job Stress Battery, which comprehensively measures job stress in terms of job stressors, moderators, and strains. The JSAS measures employees’ appraisals of job stressors by considering both their frequency and intensity. To test its psychometric qualities, we administered the JSAS to a sample of 1,069 employees in Turkey. Factor analysis revealed a 5-factor structure, with 43 items explaining 46.1% of the variance. Cronbach’s α coefficients of the factors and the total scale varied between .66 and .93. In terms of construct and convergent validities, results generally showed significant correlations in the expected directions. These findings obtained on the validity and reliability of the scale imply good psychometric qualities.

Although the role of social cognition in leadership perception has been emphasized frequently in recent years, research using this approach in an organizational context is rare. This study investigated subordinates' perceptions of their managers as leaders (that is, to what extent they perceive their manager as a leader) as a potential mediating factor explaining the relationship between managers' self-monitoring and their subordinates' attitudes toward their organizations. The study was carried out with middle-level managers (N = 64) and their subordinates (N = 210) from various business organizations in Turkey. Results indicate that subordinates' leadership perceptions of their managers mediate the relationship between managers' self-monitoring and their subordinates' affective and normative organizational commitment. These results provide insight into some of the antecedents and outcomes of leadership perception.

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Bu çalışmanın amacı, Özalp Türetgen ve Cesur tarafından Tiirk kültürüne uyarlanmış olan [1,2] Öz Etkinlik Ölçeği’nin psikometrik özelliklerinin daha kapsamlı şekilde yeniden sınanmasıdır. Uç aşamalı olan bu çalışmanın ilk kısmında, 457 üniversite öğrencisinden oluşan bir örneklem grubu üzerinde uygulamalar yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın ikinci kısmında, test-tekrar test güvenilirliğini saptayabilmek amacıyla, ölçek bu katılımcıların bir kısmına (90 katılımcı) bir ay arayla tekrar verilmiştir. Çalışmanın son kısmında ise, bu ve daha önceki çalışmanın [2] verileri birleştirilerek (toplamda 769 katılımcı), daha büyük bir örneklem üzerinden ölçeğe dair son bulgulara ulaşılması amaçlanmıştır. Bulgular ölçeğin 19 maddeden ve üç faktörden oluşan son halinin geçerli ve güvenilir olduğuna işaret etmektedir. Ölçek, klinik uygulamalarda ve bilimsel araştırmalarda kullanılabilir bir ölçek halini almıştır.