Background Oncology and hematology is a complex and specific area that requires monitoring by a multidisciplinary team capable of personalizing the treatment of each patient. Clinical pharmacy services have the potential to contribute significantly to the effective and economical care of cancer patients. Objective To evaluate, synthesize and critically present the available evidence on the impact of the Clinical Pharmacy in the treatment of patients with hematological cancer. Method A review was carried out on the bases PubMed/MEDLINE, LILACS and Google Scholar. The included studies were: studies that evaluated the effects of pharmaceutical interventions in clinical in oncology and hematology services and having as a population patient with hematological cancer. Results 17 studies were selected among 745 identified. 4.771 patients were included, with an average follow-up time of 15.3 months. Patients affected by some type of hematological cancer, undergoing chemotherapy treatment, showed better adherence and continuity when accompanied by a clinical pharmacist, added to this professional in carrying out interventions, provides control of symptoms such as cancer pain, nausea and constipation and, thus, contributes to decrease the length of hospital stay. Conclusion The implementation of a Clinical Pharmacy service in oncology and hematology centers contributes significantly to the effectiveness of pharmacotherapeutic treatment, treatment costs reduction, safety increase in the use of medications and the patient’s quality of life.
The broad mite, Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) is a cosmopolitan pest of many important crops in tropical and subtropical regions and in greenhouses worldwide. With few exceptions, P. latus is controlled with pesticides but resistance of this species to acaricides has encouraged researchers to develop biological methods to control this mite pest. In the present study, some biological parameters of Amblyseius largoensis (Muma) as a predator of the broad mite were evaluated. The functional and numerical responses of adult females of the generalist predator A. largoensis on active and inactive larvae and males of broad mite were determined in the laboratory. Predation experiments were conducted on potato leaves placed in 5.5 cm Petri dishes at 21 ± 2°C, 70 ± 5% RH and 14L:10D photoperiod for 24 h. Prey densities were: 2, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 60, 80, 100, or 110 per leaf. Attack coefficients and handling times were estimated using Holling's disk and Hansell's equations (Type II and Type III response, respectively). The functional response of A. largoensis to prey showed a Holling's type II response. Predator search efficiency was inversely related to prey density. These results indicate that A. largoensis is a promising candidate to be used as a biocontrol agent of P. latus in Cuban agroecosystems.
The current study aims to extract bromelain from different parts (stem, crown, peels, pulp and leaves) of Ananas comosus var. comosus AGB 772; to determine of optimum pH and temperature; to test bromelain stability in disodium EDTA and sodium benzoate, and to investigate its pharmacological activity on B16F10 murine melanoma cells in vitro. The highest enzymatic activity was found in bromelain extracted from the pulp and peel. The optimum bromelain pH among all studied pineapple parts was 6.0. The optimum temperature was above 50 °C in all bromelain extracts. The fluorescence analysis confirmed the stability of bromelain in the presence of EDTA and sodium benzoate. Bromelain was pharmacologically active against B16F10 melanoma cells and it was possible verifying approximately 100% inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in vitro. Since bromelain activity was found in different parts of pineapple plants, pineapple residues from the food industry may be used for bromelain extraction.
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