In recent decades, the technological devices have become a big burden for the environment. In fact, the production processes are depleting the natural resources and the end-of-life processes are emitting big amounts of heavy pollutants and toxic gases. Today, there is an agreement among researchers that the environmental issues must be considered from a life cycle perspective. In order to reduce the negative impacts of technologies on the environment, the best scenario would be to extend their lifespan. However, an old device, is usually linked to low performances, low profit for the manufacturer, additional reparation costs, high risks, etc. In this paper, the Double-Eco (DE) model, an evaluation platform of the compromise between the performances, cost, ecology, safety and lifespan is developed. Also, the environmental impacts of the lifespan are highlighted through the example of personal computers (PCs) and the DE model is applied to three types of grease lubrication as case of study. The results show that (1) evaluating a technology with all its aspects is efficient when deciding whether to extend its lifespan (2) based on the DE model, the lubrication with the longest lifespan has a better evaluation than the two other studied cases.
In the 21st century, as it is important to produce products with high quality, hybrid properties, multi functions, low cost, Eco-friendly and so on, the most of manufacturers need several daring plans, unique ideas, new technologies.Therefore a software for creating new materials with hybrid properties desired from many designers was developed and evaluated. Young's modulus, density, coefficient of linear expansion, specific heat and thermal conductivity for several properties were calculated by the software. This software has two functions which are (1) the calculation of the properties regarding the new composite material, with the selection of components and their component ratio and (2) the calculation of the composite materials and their component ratio for achievement of the desired properties. The software was evaluated by the several experiments. It is concluded from the results that; (1) the proposed software could calculate Young's modulus, density, coefficient of linear expansion, specific heat and thermal conductivity for new material, (2) this software has two functions which are both for the calculation of properties of a new composite material and for the calculation of component materials and their component ratio for achievement of the desired properties, (3) accuracy of the calculations using the software is about 7%, (4) the software was very effective and useful for development of a new composite material with several hybrid properties.
The Design of Experiments (DOE) is a method that is widely used due to its effectiveness to select optimum conditions in the design stage of product development. On the other hand, a fast, low cost, labor saving and energy-saving innovative development is also required in industry. In this research, a program for quickly searching the optimum condition using design of experiments is developed and evaluated. Relationships between each parameter and the final property are firstly cleared for each formula by using the design of experiments. Then the optimum conditions for each parameter were decided by using these formulas in a program. The optimum final property with each optimum level value were calculated. In addition, the optimum condition for cooling system using alkaline water mist was investigated for evaluating this program in an experiment. It is concluded from the result that (1) the program using the design of experiments was useful for fast development process, (2) this program could quickly and accurately decide the optimum cooling condition for cooling system using alkaline water mist.
Three large earthquakes hit japan in the last few years continuously. It affected country's economy and hard to recover specially the manufacturing sector. For avoiding such impacts in the future, lessons were studied and actions were taken. This study therefore was conducted to assess the basic minimum machine tool motion behavior criteria by utilizing the existing seismic data. Particularly, the japan real earthquake data (The 2004 chūetsu and the great hanshin earthquakes as well as the 2011 Tūhoku earthquake) and mathematical models that mimic the movement of machine tools with screw jack mounting during seismic occurrence were considered and developed. For the validity, both mathematical analysis and experimental performances of a previously developed small mock-up structure of a machine tool were conducted. The study concludes that (1) the possible motion behavior of a machine tool was able to be defined and calculated; (2) using the existing real seismic data able to predict the motion behaviour of a machine tool; and (3) it was observed that up-to approximately 60 % accuracy obtained when using the real earthquake data and the developed mathematical models for analysing machine tool motion behavior.
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